ardupilot VS Awesome-Embedded

They are widely used in narrow circles :)

Two of (arguably the best) open source RC aircraft flight controllers (ArduPilot and PX4) are using extended Kalman filters in their state estimators (essentially sensor fusion that provides attitude/position estimate):

https://github.com/ArduPilot/ardupilot/tree/master/libraries...

https://github.com/PX4/PX4-Autopilot/blob/main/src/modules/e...

I'm not that familiar with cleanflight/betaflight/inav scene to know what the FPV racer flight controllers use.

2. https://ardupilot.org/

Trimble also has some nice stuff, I think the BD940 is interesting. I do not know if it's recommended or not, but Ardupilot has a driver for the Septentrio GPS (https://github.com/ArduPilot/ardupilot/blob/master/libraries/AP_GPS/AP_GPS_SBF.cpp), as well for Trimble GPS (https://github.com/ArduPilot/ardupilot/blob/master/libraries/AP_GPS/AP_GPS_GSOF.cpp). So people have used these brands for drones.

For programmable open source autopilot: Arduino > Ardupilot (https://ardupilot.org).

You might also want to look at something like Ardupilot

I'd like to emphasize the reference to Ardupilot bc there is a lot of material already developed there: a lot about navigation and guidance from UAVs, and the low-level stuff. Check this out

This massive page of resources has helped me tremendously throughout my embedded learning, that would probably be a good starting point.

I saw a post in this subreddit and found this GitHub that seems wonderful, give it a go, you might just find what you need : https://github.com/nhivp/Awesome-Embedded

Should I focus on a sector mentioned above and learn everything about that one or is it better to have a more general preparation first by broadly following this roadmap: https://github.com/nhivp/Awesome-Embedded ?

If you’re looking for good examples of code in general: https://github.com/nhivp/Awesome-Embedded

Perhaps this list can help you, https://github.com/nhivp/Awesome-Embedded