ComLightInterop
pybind11
ComLightInterop | pybind11 | |
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8 | 42 | |
44 | 14,835 | |
- | 1.4% | |
4.2 | 8.6 | |
6 months ago | 4 days ago | |
C# | C++ | |
MIT License | GNU General Public License v3.0 or later |
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ComLightInterop
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Swig – Connect C/C++ programs with high-level programming languages
I have once made something remotely similar, to interop between C++ and C#: https://github.com/Const-me/ComLightInterop
I took different approach. Because I only needed to support these two languages, there’s no separate interface definition language, and no code generator for interfaces. Instead, users are expected to write both language projections manually.
Then there’s a runtime code generator on the .NET side of the interop which builds runtime callable proxy types for interfaces implemented in C++, also virtual tables for C# objects consumed by C++.
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C# 11 Preview Updates – Raw string literals, UTF-8 and more
It’s pretty fast. Likely reason for that, MS designed both language and runtime this way since version 1.0. They needed that for their Windows Forms which consumes huge chunk of WinAPI.
I benchmarked a while ago when testing this library https://github.com/Const-me/ComLightInterop#performance On the computer I was using at that time (probably Ryzen 5 3600 CPU) the overhead was 15-20 nanoseconds per call.
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Mach v0.1 – cross-platform Zig graphics in ~60 seconds
That thing is COM, which is a small subset of C++ ABI. Technically it’s about the same as on Windows, i.e. C ABI with extra first argument for this pointer.
Once upon a time I made this library https://github.com/const-me/comlightInterop/ The native side of the interop is idiomatic C++, here’s an example https://github.com/Const-me/ComLightInterop/blob/master/Demo... The C# side of the interop is implemented through the built-in C interop, here’s the relevant part of the library https://github.com/Const-me/ComLightInterop/blob/master/ComL... I’ve tested Linux version of that library on AMD64, ARMv7, and ARM64 CPUs, but only with gcc compiler on the native side.
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COM+ Revisited
I like many parts of COM, but I believe that example mostly demonstrates bad parts, with IDL, registrations, and over-engineered support libraries.
There's nothing wrong with exporting factory functions from DLLs. Microsoft does it all the time, APIs like Direct3D, DirectDraw and Media Foundation don't come with type libraries are they aren't registered anywhere.
Speaking about support libraries, I once made my own: https://github.com/Const-me/ComLightInterop/tree/master/ComL... Compare examples from that article with this one: https://github.com/Const-me/ComLightInterop/blob/master/Demo... That source file is the complete DLL which implements a minimalistic COM object.
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The Serde Rust Framework
> Does it feel "brittle" to use
Yes and no.
No because when you try to do unsupported things like calling a method on an object which doesn’t support one, you gonna get an appropriate runtime exception.
Yes because if you fail lower-level things like local parameter allocation, you gonna get an appropriate runtime exception but that one is (1) too late, I’d prefer such things to be detected when you emit the code, not when trying to use the generated code (2) Lacks the context.
Overall, when I can I’m using that higher-level System.Linq.Expressions for runtime codegen. Things are much nicer at that level. I only using the low-level thing when I need to emit new types, like there: https://github.com/Const-me/ComLightInterop/blob/master/ComL...
- Weird
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Building a shared vision for Async Rust
> Do you have any good resources on writing dlls to consume via .net like you’re talking about?
For C APIs i.e. functions, structures and strings, the good resource is Microsoft documentation, the support is built-in, see “Consuming Unmanaged DLL Functions” section: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/interop/
For COM APIs i.e. sharing objects around see this library + demos: https://github.com/Const-me/ComLightInterop It’s only really needed on Linux because the desktop version of the framework has COM support already built-in, but it can be used for cross-platform things just fine, I tested that quite well i.e. not just with these simple demos.
> How do you deal with the managed memory when using the gc from .net
Most of the time, automatically.
When you calling C++ from C#, the runtime automatically pins arguments like strings or arrays. Pinning means until the C++ function returns, .NET GC won’t touch these things. This doesn’t normally make any copies: C++ will receive raw pointers/native references to the .NET objects.
Sometimes you do want to retain C# objects from C++ or vice versa i.e. keep them alive after the function/method returns. An idiomatic solution for these use cases is COM interop. IUnknown interface (a base interface for the rest of COM interfaces) allows to retain/release things across languages.
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Experimental Nintendo Switch Emulator written in C#
C++ interop is not supported in modern .NET out of the box, but wasn't too hard to implement as a library: https://github.com/Const-me/ComLightInterop
pybind11
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Experience using crow as web server
I'm investigating using C++ to build a REST server, and would love to know of people's experiences with Crow-- or whether they would recommend something else as a "medium-level" abstraction C++ web server. As background, I started off experimenting with Python/FastAPI, which is great, but there is too much friction to translate from pybind11-exported C++ objects to the format that FastAPI expects, and, of course, there are inherent performance limitations using Python, which could impact scaling up if the project were to be successful.
- Swig – Connect C/C++ programs with high-level programming languages
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returning numpy arrays via pybind11
I have a C++ function computing a large tensor which I would like to return to Python as a NumPy array via pybind11.
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I created smooth_lines python module, great for drawing software
This is based on the Google Ink Stroke Modeler C++ library, and using pybind11 to make it available on python.
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Facial Landmark Detection with C++
pybind11 makes it easy to call C++ from Python if you want to mix.
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Python’s Multiprocessing Performance Problem
If you've never used Pybind before these pybind tests[1] and this repo[2] have good examples you can crib to get started (in addition to the docs). Once you handle passing/returning/creating the main data types (list, tuple, dict, set, numpy array) the first time, then it's mostly smooth sailing.
Pybind offers a lot of functionality, but core "good parts" I've found useful are (a) use a numpy array in Python and pass it to a C++ method to work on, (b) pass your python data structure to pybind and then do work on it in C++ (some copy overhead), and (c) Make a class/struct in C++ and expose it to Python (so no copying overhead and you can create nice cache-aware structs, etc.).
[1] https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/blob/master/tests/test_py...
- Making Python Web Application with C++ Backend
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Using pybind11 with minGW to cross compile pyhton module for Windows
I have a python module for which the logic is written in C++ and I use pybind11 to expose the objects and functions to Python.
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IPC communication between rust, c++, and python
Reading from Python requires a wrapper, using pybind11 this is fairly done.
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[ADVICE] Python to C++
Also I can highly recommend starting using C++ to augment your Python code, i.e. find the parts that are slow or undoable in Python and write those in C++ then expose them as Python functions. You can use https://github.com/pybind/pybind11 to call C++ code from Python.
What are some alternatives?
Ryujinx - Experimental Nintendo Switch Emulator written in C#
PyO3 - Rust bindings for the Python interpreter
miniserde - Data structure serialization library with several opposite design goals from Serde
nanobind - nanobind: tiny and efficient C++/Python bindings
mach - zig game engine & graphics toolkit
Optional Argument in C++ - Named Optional Arguments in C++17
sapio - A Bitcoin Programming Language
setuptools-rust - Setuptools plugin for Rust support
pfr - std::tuple like methods for user defined types without any macro or boilerplate code
sol2 - Sol3 (sol2 v3.0) - a C++ <-> Lua API wrapper with advanced features and top notch performance - is here, and it's great! Documentation:
mach-glfw-vulkan-example - mach-glfw Vulkan example
PEGTL - Parsing Expression Grammar Template Library