enforce
Nim
enforce | Nim | |
---|---|---|
3 | 347 | |
541 | 16,079 | |
- | 0.5% | |
0.0 | 9.9 | |
about 2 years ago | 3 days ago | |
Python | Nim | |
- | GNU General Public License v3.0 or later |
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For example, an activity of 9.0 indicates that a project is amongst the top 10% of the most actively developed projects that we are tracking.
enforce
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Python’s “Type Hints” are a bit of a disappointment to me
Every point in this blog post strikes me as either (1) unaware of the tooling around python typing other than mypy, or (2) a criticism of static-typing-bolted-on-to-a-dynamically-typed-language, rather than Python's hints. Regarding (1), my advise to OP is to try out Pyright, Pydantic, and Typeguard. Pyright, especailly, is amazing and makes the process of working with type hints 2 or 3 times smoother IMO. And, I don't think points that fall under (2) are fair criticisms of type *hints*. They are called hints for a reason.
Otherwise, here's a point-by-point response, either recommending OP checks out tooling, or showing that the point being made is not specific to Python.
> type hints are not binding.
There are projects [0][1] that allow you to enforce type hints at runtime if you so choose.
It's worth mentioning that this is very analogous to how Typescript does it, in that type info is erased completely at runtime.
> Type checking is your job after all, ...[and that] requires maintenance.
There are LSPs like Pyright[2] (pyright specifically is the absolute best, IMO) that report type errors as you code. Again, this is very very similar to typescript.
> There is an Any type and it renders everything useless
I have never seen a static-typing tool that was bolted on to a dynamically typed language, without an `Any` type, including typescript.
> Duck type compatibility of int and float
The author admits that they cannot state why this behavior is problematic, except for saying that it's "ambiguous".
> Most projects need third-party type hints
Again, this is a criticism of all cases where static types are bolted on dynamically typed languages, not Python's implementation specifically.
> Sadly, dataclasses ignore type hints as well
Pydantic[3] is an amazing data parsing library that takes advantage of type hints, and it's interface is a superset of that of dataclasses. What's more, it underpins FastAPI[4], an amazing API-backend framework (with 44K Github stars).
> Type inference and lazy programmers
The argument of this section boils down to using `Any` as a generic argument not being an error by default. This is configurable to be an error both in Pyright[5], and mypy[6].
> Exceptions are not covered [like Java]
I can't find the interview/presentation, but Guido Van Rossum specifically calls out Java's implementation of "exception annotations" as a demonstration of why that is a bad idea, and that it would never happen in Python. I'm not saying Guido's opinion is the absolute truth, but just letting you know that this is an explicit decision, not an unwanted shortcoming.
[0] https://github.com/RussBaz/enforce
[1] https://github.com/agronholm/typeguard
[2] https://github.com/microsoft/pyright
[3] https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io
[4] https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi
[5] https://github.com/microsoft/pyright/blob/main/docs/configur...
[6] https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/config_file.html#confv...
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Unit tests & type hinting
Not by default. But there are libraries to enforce types. https://github.com/RussBaz/enforce or/and https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/
- Type validation decorator
Nim
- 3 years of fulltime Rust game development, and why we're leaving Rust behind
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Top Paying Programming Technologies 2024
22. Nim - $80,000
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"14 Years of Go" by Rob Pike
I think the right answer to your question would be NimLang[0]. In reality, if you're seeking to use this in any enterprise context, you'd most likely want to select the subset of C++ that makes sense for you or just use C#.
[0]https://nim-lang.org/
- Odin Programming Language
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Ask HN: Interest in a Rust-Inspired Language Compiling to JavaScript?
I don't think it's a rust-inspired language, but since it has strong typing and compiles to javascript, did you give a look at nim [0] ?
For what it takes, I find the language very expressive without the verbosity in rust that reminds me java. And it is also very flexible.
[0] : https://nim-lang.org/
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The nim website and the downloads are insecure
I see a valid cert for https://nim-lang.org/
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Nim
FYI, on the front page, https://nim-lang.org, in large type you have this:
> Nim is a statically typed compiled systems programming language. It combines successful concepts from mature languages like Python, Ada and Modula.
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Things I've learned about building CLI tools in Python
You better off with using a compiled language.
If you interested in a language that's compiled, fast, but as easy and pleasant as Python - I'd recommend you take a look at [Nim](https://nim-lang.org).
And to prove what Nim's capable of - here's a cool repo with 100+ cli apps someone wrote in Nim: [c-blake/bu](https://github.com/c-blake/bu)
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Mojo is now available on Mac
Chapel has at least several full-time developers at Cray/HPE and (I think) the US national labs, and has had some for almost two decades. That's much more than $100k.
Chapel is also just one of many other projects broadly interested in developing new programming languages for "high performance" programming. Out of that large field, Chapel is not especially related to the specific ideas or design goals of Mojo. Much more related are things like Codon (https://exaloop.io), and the metaprogramming models in Terra (https://terralang.org), Nim (https://nim-lang.org), and Zig (https://ziglang.org).
But Chapel is great! It has a lot of good ideas, especially for distributed-memory programming, which is its historical focus. It is more related to Legion (https://legion.stanford.edu, https://regent-lang.org), parallel & distributed Fortran, ZPL, etc.
- NIR: Nim Intermediate Representation
What are some alternatives?
pydantic - Data validation using Python type hints
zig - General-purpose programming language and toolchain for maintaining robust, optimal, and reusable software.
pydantic-to-typescript - CLI Tool for converting pydantic models into typescript definitions
go - The Go programming language
streamlit-pydantic - 🪄 Auto-generate Streamlit UI from Pydantic Models and Dataclasses.
Odin - Odin Programming Language
libsa4py - LibSA4Py: Light-weight static analysis for extracting type hints and features
rust - Empowering everyone to build reliable and efficient software.
pyright - Static Type Checker for Python
crystal - The Crystal Programming Language
returnn - The RWTH extensible training framework for universal recurrent neural networks
v - Simple, fast, safe, compiled language for developing maintainable software. Compiles itself in <1s with zero library dependencies. Supports automatic C => V translation. https://vlang.io