enforce
pydantic-to-typescript
enforce | pydantic-to-typescript | |
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3 | 3 | |
541 | 239 | |
- | - | |
0.0 | 0.0 | |
about 2 years ago | 4 months ago | |
Python | Python | |
- | MIT License |
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enforce
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Python’s “Type Hints” are a bit of a disappointment to me
Every point in this blog post strikes me as either (1) unaware of the tooling around python typing other than mypy, or (2) a criticism of static-typing-bolted-on-to-a-dynamically-typed-language, rather than Python's hints. Regarding (1), my advise to OP is to try out Pyright, Pydantic, and Typeguard. Pyright, especailly, is amazing and makes the process of working with type hints 2 or 3 times smoother IMO. And, I don't think points that fall under (2) are fair criticisms of type *hints*. They are called hints for a reason.
Otherwise, here's a point-by-point response, either recommending OP checks out tooling, or showing that the point being made is not specific to Python.
> type hints are not binding.
There are projects [0][1] that allow you to enforce type hints at runtime if you so choose.
It's worth mentioning that this is very analogous to how Typescript does it, in that type info is erased completely at runtime.
> Type checking is your job after all, ...[and that] requires maintenance.
There are LSPs like Pyright[2] (pyright specifically is the absolute best, IMO) that report type errors as you code. Again, this is very very similar to typescript.
> There is an Any type and it renders everything useless
I have never seen a static-typing tool that was bolted on to a dynamically typed language, without an `Any` type, including typescript.
> Duck type compatibility of int and float
The author admits that they cannot state why this behavior is problematic, except for saying that it's "ambiguous".
> Most projects need third-party type hints
Again, this is a criticism of all cases where static types are bolted on dynamically typed languages, not Python's implementation specifically.
> Sadly, dataclasses ignore type hints as well
Pydantic[3] is an amazing data parsing library that takes advantage of type hints, and it's interface is a superset of that of dataclasses. What's more, it underpins FastAPI[4], an amazing API-backend framework (with 44K Github stars).
> Type inference and lazy programmers
The argument of this section boils down to using `Any` as a generic argument not being an error by default. This is configurable to be an error both in Pyright[5], and mypy[6].
> Exceptions are not covered [like Java]
I can't find the interview/presentation, but Guido Van Rossum specifically calls out Java's implementation of "exception annotations" as a demonstration of why that is a bad idea, and that it would never happen in Python. I'm not saying Guido's opinion is the absolute truth, but just letting you know that this is an explicit decision, not an unwanted shortcoming.
[0] https://github.com/RussBaz/enforce
[1] https://github.com/agronholm/typeguard
[2] https://github.com/microsoft/pyright
[3] https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io
[4] https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi
[5] https://github.com/microsoft/pyright/blob/main/docs/configur...
[6] https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/config_file.html#confv...
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Unit tests & type hinting
Not by default. But there are libraries to enforce types. https://github.com/RussBaz/enforce or/and https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/
- Type validation decorator
pydantic-to-typescript
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Which not so well known Python packages do you like to use on a regular basis and why?
Bit niche, but I like using pydantic-to-typescript (https://github.com/phillipdupuis/pydantic-to-typescript) to automatically generate typescript definitions for my fastapi apps. Or any app which uses pydantic models.
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pydantic-to-typescript: a simple CLI tool for converting pydantic models into typescript interfaces
Complete documentation, examples, and the source code can all be viewed here: https://github.com/phillipdupuis/pydantic-to-typescript
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Python & Typescript
There are also some packages out there for converting the types directly into their typescript equivalents: https://github.com/phillipdupuis/pydantic-to-typescript/
What are some alternatives?
pydantic - Data validation using Python type hints
fastapi - FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to code, ready for production
Nim - Nim is a statically typed compiled systems programming language. It combines successful concepts from mature languages like Python, Ada and Modula. Its design focuses on efficiency, expressiveness, and elegance (in that order of priority).
full-stack-fastapi-template - Full stack, modern web application template. Using FastAPI, React, SQLModel, PostgreSQL, Docker, GitHub Actions, automatic HTTPS and more.
streamlit-pydantic - 🪄 Auto-generate Streamlit UI from Pydantic Models and Dataclasses.
odmantic - Sync and Async ODM (Object Document Mapper) for MongoDB based on python type hints
libsa4py - LibSA4Py: Light-weight static analysis for extracting type hints and features
opyrator - 🪄 Turns your machine learning code into microservices with web API, interactive GUI, and more.
pyright - Static Type Checker for Python
dynamoquery - Python AWS DynamoDB ORM
returnn - The RWTH extensible training framework for universal recurrent neural networks
typing_inspect - Runtime inspection utilities for Python typing module