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> A context switch takes around 0.2µs between async tasks, versus 1.7µs between kernel threads. But this advantage goes away if the context switch is due to I/O readiness: both converge to 1.7µs.
This is a big surprise.
If you look at the Techempower web benchmark [1], the performance of actix-web is about 20x higher than that of Rocket.
The common explanation is that actix-web is async and hence much faster than Rocket which relies on kernel context switching.
But if Rust async and kernel thread has the same switch time as shown by this benchmark, then why is actix-web so much faster than Rocket?
[1] https://www.techempower.com/benchmarks/#section=data-r20&hw=...
Not Rust, but you may be interested in colorless async io_uring using Zig: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26111847
Also (very rough) benchmarks (take with a pinch of salt) comparing various styles of fs and network IO (blocking, epoll, io_uring) for C and Zig: https://github.com/coilhq/tigerbeetle/tree/master/demos/io_u...
Nothing so fancy.
Each worker thread runs in a loop executing a queue of jobs. On every iteration it sets an atomic progress flag to true.
The runtime in which it's contained polls its workers every 1-10ms, atomically swapping in false and checking to see if the previous value was also false - if so, it steals its task queue and spins up another worker to execute it.
https://github.com/async-rs/async-std/blob/ceba324bef9641d61...