Python chatbots-framework Projects

rasa

1 19 20,570 4.5 Python

💬 Open source machine learning framework to automate text- and voice-based conversations: NLU, dialogue management, connect to Slack, Facebook, and more - Create chatbots and voice assistants

Project mention: Eliza Reanimated Published in IEEE Annals of the History of Computing | news.ycombinator.com | 2025-06-20

Right before LLMs broke into the scene we had a few techniques I was aware of:
* Personality Forge uses a rules-based scripting approach [0]. This is basically ELIZA extended to take advantage of modern processing power.
* Rasa [1] used traditional NLP/NLU techniques and small-model ML to match intents and parse user requests. This is the same kind of tooling that Google/Alexa historically used, just without the voice layer and with more effort to keep the context in mind.
Rasa is actually open source [2], so you can poke around the internals to see how it's implemented. It doesn't look like it's changed architecture substantially since the pre-LLM days. Rhasspy [3] (also open source) uses similar techniques but in the voice assistant space rather than as a full chatbot.
[0] https://www.personalityforge.com/developers/how-to-build-cha...
[1] https://web.archive.org/web/20200801000000*/https://rasa.com... (old link because Rasa's marketing today is ambiguous about whether they're adding LLMs now).
[2] https://github.com/RasaHQ/rasa
[3] https://rhasspy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
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NOTE: The open source projects on this list are ordered by number of github stars. The number of mentions indicates repo mentiontions in the last 12 Months or since we started tracking (Dec 2020).