typeguard
cargo-update
typeguard | cargo-update | |
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7 | 11 | |
1,446 | 1,133 | |
- | - | |
8.4 | 6.6 | |
21 days ago | about 1 month ago | |
Python | Rust | |
GNU General Public License v3.0 or later | MIT License |
Stars - the number of stars that a project has on GitHub. Growth - month over month growth in stars.
Activity is a relative number indicating how actively a project is being developed. Recent commits have higher weight than older ones.
For example, an activity of 9.0 indicates that a project is amongst the top 10% of the most actively developed projects that we are tracking.
typeguard
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Returning to snake's nest after a long journey, any major advances in python for science ?
As other folks have commented, type hints are now a big deal. For static typing the best checker is pyright. For runtime checking there is typeguard and beartype. These can be integrated with array libraries through jaxtyping. (Which also works for PyTorch/numpy/etc., despite the name.)
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Boring Python: Code Quality
I got good use of the run-time type checking of typeguard [0] when I recently invoked it via its pytest plugin [2]. For all code visited in the test suite, you get a failing test whenever an actual type differs from an annotated type.
[0]: https://github.com/agronholm/typeguard/
[1]: https://typeguard.readthedocs.io/en/latest/userguide.html#us...
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Im listening...
But you can use a library like typeguard to get runtime typechecking. Or run mypy over the code to get static typechecking.
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Python’s “Type Hints” are a bit of a disappointment to me
Every point in this blog post strikes me as either (1) unaware of the tooling around python typing other than mypy, or (2) a criticism of static-typing-bolted-on-to-a-dynamically-typed-language, rather than Python's hints. Regarding (1), my advise to OP is to try out Pyright, Pydantic, and Typeguard. Pyright, especailly, is amazing and makes the process of working with type hints 2 or 3 times smoother IMO. And, I don't think points that fall under (2) are fair criticisms of type *hints*. They are called hints for a reason.
Otherwise, here's a point-by-point response, either recommending OP checks out tooling, or showing that the point being made is not specific to Python.
> type hints are not binding.
There are projects [0][1] that allow you to enforce type hints at runtime if you so choose.
It's worth mentioning that this is very analogous to how Typescript does it, in that type info is erased completely at runtime.
> Type checking is your job after all, ...[and that] requires maintenance.
There are LSPs like Pyright[2] (pyright specifically is the absolute best, IMO) that report type errors as you code. Again, this is very very similar to typescript.
> There is an Any type and it renders everything useless
I have never seen a static-typing tool that was bolted on to a dynamically typed language, without an `Any` type, including typescript.
> Duck type compatibility of int and float
The author admits that they cannot state why this behavior is problematic, except for saying that it's "ambiguous".
> Most projects need third-party type hints
Again, this is a criticism of all cases where static types are bolted on dynamically typed languages, not Python's implementation specifically.
> Sadly, dataclasses ignore type hints as well
Pydantic[3] is an amazing data parsing library that takes advantage of type hints, and it's interface is a superset of that of dataclasses. What's more, it underpins FastAPI[4], an amazing API-backend framework (with 44K Github stars).
> Type inference and lazy programmers
The argument of this section boils down to using `Any` as a generic argument not being an error by default. This is configurable to be an error both in Pyright[5], and mypy[6].
> Exceptions are not covered [like Java]
I can't find the interview/presentation, but Guido Van Rossum specifically calls out Java's implementation of "exception annotations" as a demonstration of why that is a bad idea, and that it would never happen in Python. I'm not saying Guido's opinion is the absolute truth, but just letting you know that this is an explicit decision, not an unwanted shortcoming.
[0] https://github.com/RussBaz/enforce
[1] https://github.com/agronholm/typeguard
[2] https://github.com/microsoft/pyright
[3] https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io
[4] https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi
[5] https://github.com/microsoft/pyright/blob/main/docs/configur...
[6] https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/config_file.html#confv...
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Statically typed Python
Personally I find working around mypy's quirks to be more effort than it's worth, so to offer another option: typeguard or beartype can be used to perform run-time type checking.
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Tests aren’t enough: Case study after adding type hints to urllib3
Never checked? They're statically checked.
Also, tooling like https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/ can do runtime checking for important parts of your app or you can add use this https://github.com/agronholm/typeguard to enforce all types at runtime (although I haven't measured the performance impact, probably something to do in a separate environment than production?).
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DoorDash: Migrating From Python to Kotlin for Our Backend Services
typeguard
cargo-update
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Zellij 0.35.1 brings stacked panes to your terminal
Personally, I like cargo-update
- Segfault on network request in Alpine
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Rust 1.66
Speaking of cargo remove, see also cargo-edit [0] from which adding and removing originally came, as well as cargo-binstall [1] which installs binaries rather than compiling from source every time. The binaries are updatable with cargo-update [2].
The latter two can replace a package manager for Rust related utilities, as I often find that those in OS package repositories are often not as up to date as directly from cargo.
[0] https://github.com/killercup/cargo-edit
[1] https://github.com/cargo-bins/cargo-binstall
[2] https://github.com/nabijaczleweli/cargo-update
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`cargo audit` can now scan compiled binaries
Would be nice if this worked with cargo-update somehow.
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Hey Rustaceans! Got a question? Ask here! (26/2022)!
There is cargo install-update plugin: https://github.com/nabijaczleweli/cargo-update
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go-global-update - the missing command for updating globally installed go executables
I didn't find any command or package to update those packages, and given that npm has npm -g update and cargo has cargo install-update, I decided to create go-global-update for go.
- cargo-update - A cargo subcommand for checking and applying updates to installed executables
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I just realised Monday is now my favourite day of the week, because in my timezone it’s the day new rust-analyzer releases come out!
rust-analyzer isn't a rust component (like rust-src, etc. which will update with rustup update), nor a cargo binary (where you could use cargo install-update - https://github.com/nabijaczleweli/cargo-update ).
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Git-cliff: generate changelog files from the Git history
I initially was interested in Rust because of performance + speed + safety, but now I have to say that cargo is a big selling point for me.
I always used to be scared of compiling software myself because I never seemed to be able to get it to work without endless headaches. Now, I generally find it easy to compile Rust programs if they aren't in my package manager, and with cargo install-update https://github.com/nabijaczleweli/cargo-update I find it easy to keep the software up to date. I have higher confidence that I can get hobbyist Rust software working, and the more Rust software I use, the more familiar I am with the ecosystem and the more comfortable I am.
If this was written in some obscure language I wasn't familiar with, I'd be less confident I would be able to run it at all, let alone keep it updated, and I may not bother even trying to install it.
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DoorDash: Migrating From Python to Kotlin for Our Backend Services
So while it may take a while for some, it's already absolutely fine for me to compile my projects in a few seconds or a minute. I install all my related tooling via cargo install and update it via cargo install-update -a ( https://github.com/nabijaczleweli/cargo-update ) so I frequently/daily build different Rust projects and I'm quite ok with the compilation times.
What are some alternatives?
beartype - Unbearably fast near-real-time hybrid runtime-static type-checking in pure Python.
Clippy - A bunch of lints to catch common mistakes and improve your Rust code. Book: https://doc.rust-lang.org/clippy/
pydantic - Data validation using Python type hints
Rustup - The Rust toolchain installer
mypyc - Compile type annotated Python to fast C extensions
cargo-deb - A cargo subcommand that generates Debian packages from information in Cargo.toml
react-wasm-github-api-demo - A demo application to serve as a template for your Rust & React needs. With a sample GraphQL backend.
cargo-ebuild - cargo extension that can generate ebuilds using the in-tree eclasses
dactyl-keyboard - Web generator for dactyl keyboards.
crate-deps
typeshed - Collection of library stubs for Python, with static types
git-cliff - A highly customizable Changelog Generator that follows Conventional Commit specifications ⛰️