qbe-rs
rustc_codegen_cranelift
qbe-rs | rustc_codegen_cranelift | |
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30 | 44 | |
66 | 1,450 | |
- | 2.6% | |
3.3 | 9.7 | |
8 months ago | 3 days ago | |
Rust | Rust | |
GNU General Public License v3.0 or later | Apache License 2.0 |
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For example, an activity of 9.0 indicates that a project is amongst the top 10% of the most actively developed projects that we are tracking.
qbe-rs
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CBMC: C bounded model checker. (2021)
Another problem with LLVM I’ve heard about is that it’s intermediate language or API or something is a moving, informally-specified target. People who know LLVM internals might weigh in on that claim. If true, it’s actually easier to target C or a subset of Rust just because it’s static and well-understood.
Two projects sought to mitigate these issues by going in different directions. One was a compiler backend that aimed to be easy to learn with well-specified IL. The other aimed to formalize LLVM’s IL.
http://c9x.me/compile/
https://github.com/AliveToolkit/alive2
There have also been typed, assembly languages to support verification from groups like FLINT. One can also compile language-specific analysis with a certified to LLVM IL compiler. Integrating pieces from different languages can have risks. That (IIRC) is being mitigated by people doing secure, abstract compilation.
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Odin Programming Language
> I think it uses a different backend than LLVM
harec uses https://c9x.me/compile/
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Frontend for GCC?
Have you considered QBE?
- QBE – Compiler Back End
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What do C programmers think of the Zig language in 2023?
I really hope other new projects (like QBE) can really grow and become widely used
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Toy C compiler, worth having an IR stage?
I really liked targetting QBE (https://c9x.me/compile/) as an IR, as it gave me lots of back-end optimisations for free 😊.
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C or LLVM for a fast backend?
There is: QBE.
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A whirlwind tour of the LLVM optimizer
You might be underestimating the accuracy of the CPU models LLVM uses.
For x86, the same data the code generator uses drives llvm-mca[1], which given a loop body can tell you the throughput, latency, and microarchitectural bottlenecks (decoding, ports, dependencies, store forwarding, etc.)—if not always precisely, then still not worse then IACA, the tool written at Intel by people who presumably knew how the CPUs work, unlike LLVM contributors and the rest of us who can only guess and measure. This separately for Haswell, Sandy Bridge, Skylake, etc.; not “x86”.
Now, is this the best model you can get? Not exactly[2], but it’s close enough to not matter. Do we often need machine code to be optimized to that level of detail? Perhaps not[3], and with that in mind you can shave at least a factor of ten off LLVM’s considerable bulk at the cost of 20—30% of performance[4,5]. But if you do want those as well, it seems that the complexity of LLVM is a fair price, or has the right order of magnitude at least.
(Frontend not included, C++ frontend required to bootstrap sold separately, at a similar markup compared to a C-only frontend with somewhat worse ergonomics.)
[1] https://llvm.org/docs/CommandGuide/llvm-mca.html
[2] https://www.uops.info/
[3] https://briancallahan.net/blog/20211010.html
[4] https://c9x.me/compile/
[5] https://drewdevault.com/talks/qbe.html
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Made my first LLVM front-end… Now what?
You can try buildling you own backend like llvm. A good example or starting point is probably QBE since it is extremely small but very functional.
- Best book on writing an optimizing compiler (inlining, types, abstract interpretation)?
rustc_codegen_cranelift
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Cranelift code generation comes to Rust
Windows is supported. See https://github.com/rust-lang/rustc_codegen_cranelift/issues/....
- What part of Rust compilation is the bottleneck?
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A Guide to Undefined Behavior in C and C++
> When this happens, it seems like it'll be possible to get the LLVM bits out of the bootstrap process and lead to a fully self-hosted Rust.
What do you mean by "when this happens"? GP's point is that this has already happened: the Cranelift backend is feature-complete from the perspective of the language [0], except for inline assembly and unwinding on panic. It was merged into the upstream compiler in 2020 [1], and a compiler built with only the Cranelift backend is perfectly capable of building another compiler. LLVM hasn't been a necessary component of the Rust compiler for quite some time.
[0] https://github.com/bjorn3/rustc_codegen_cranelift
[1] https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/77975
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What are some stuff that Rust isn't good at?
Note that the Cranelift codegen will eventually become standard for debug builds to speed them up.
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Rust port of B3 from WebKit, LLVM-like backend
Maybe one day we'll have rustc b3 backend like what they did with Cranelift
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Any alternate Rust compilers?
Additionally, there is gcc codegen for rustc (https://github.com/rust-lang/rustc_codegen_gcc), which is not a compiler per se, but an alternative code generator, with more architectures supported and other nice things. It's also coming along, but there's still a lot of work to do there too. There's also Cranelift codegen (https://github.com/bjorn3/rustc_codegen_cranelift), which is designed to make debug builds faster, but this is not as exciting/useful as the other 2.
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Capsules, reactive state, and HSR: Perseus v0.4.0 goes stable!
For the instant reloading, that's in Sycamore, so you should speak to its devs, but as for the alternative compiler backend, it's not my project, but it uses Cranelift and works pretty well! See https://github.com/bjorn3/rustc_codegen_cranelift for details.
- Security Engineer looking for ways to see if any of my tasks could slowly be ported to Rust or should I just stick with Python.
- Rust is now officially supported on some Infineon microcontrollers! (more to come later this year)
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Improving Rust compile times to enable adoption of memory safety
The more immediate goal of "distribute the cranelift backend as a rustup component" has been making good progress and seems like it might happen relatively soon https://github.com/bjorn3/rustc_codegen_cranelift/milestone/...
What are some alternatives?
ubpf - Userspace eBPF VM
wasmtime - A fast and secure runtime for WebAssembly
mir - A lightweight JIT compiler based on MIR (Medium Internal Representation) and C11 JIT compiler and interpreter based on MIR
gccrs - GCC Front-End for Rust
minivm - A VM That is Dynamic and Fast
sccache - Sccache is a ccache-like tool. It is used as a compiler wrapper and avoids compilation when possible. Sccache has the capability to utilize caching in remote storage environments, including various cloud storage options, or alternatively, in local storage.
c4 - C in four functions
mrustc - Alternative rust compiler (re-implementation)
well - The Future of Assembly Language. https://wellang.github.io/well/
cranelift-jit-demo - JIT compiler and runtime for a toy language, using Cranelift
tch-rs - Rust bindings for the C++ api of PyTorch.