pcem VS winevdm

For emulation, you can look into PCem/86Box

Absolutely check out PCem for a closer to hardware emulation than dosbox, https://pcem-emulator.co.uk/

One option is to try PCEm https://pcem-emulator.co.uk/ which is a emulator for old computers that runs on Windows and Linux, I actually learned about it via this video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9HP9W88Wew of a guy playing Sim Golf on his Windows PC using PCEm, this should be similar on Linux but I'm not sure if the SteamDeck will have enough power but maybe worth a try

For hardcore mode, compile PCEm - I think brew has most of the dependencies available ... https://pcem-emulator.co.uk/ - have fun!

You use 86box or PCem which are not virtualizers but hardware emulators so you will need a really fast CPU (especially in single thread). The advantage is that Windows 98 will be running on period appropriate hardware, since all of it is being emulated real-time.

QEMU [0] emulates many systems, including the 32-bit Intel architecture. For retro gaming specifically I can recommend PCem [1], which also emulates a wide range of sound and graphics cards, from IBM MDA to 3dfx Voodoo 2.

[0] https://www.qemu.org/

[1] https://pcem-emulator.co.uk/

You could try it with PCem

Not exactly what you were asking, but winevdm [0] does use code from Wine to run 16-bit Windows applications on 64-bit Windows installs that don't support it natively (via ntvdm).

[0] - https://github.com/otya128/winevdm

https://github.com/otya128/winevdm run 16 bit apps on 64 windows

This, along with Windows's own compatibility mode tweaks, should run almost any game that has ever been released on Windows.

WineVDM: https://github.com/otya128/winevdm/releases

It could work with the help with otvdm: https://github.com/otya128/winevdm

You can repeat this command as many times as you need to for additional records. More information can be found here. Total downtime in a VMWare environment is less than five minutes, barring any DNS server replication in play." Yet Another Free Tool winevdm enables you to keep old Windows programs on life support by running 16-bit Windows (1.x, 2.x, 3.0, 3.1, etc.) on a 64-bit Windows system. Ojakobe explains, "Had a special case of a user who clung to their Windows 7 PC because their work was reliant on a 16-bit program from 1997 (and even on 7 it didn't run properly). Used the program above to make it run reliably on 10." One Final Free Tool LocalAI is a self-hosted, OpenAI-compatible API that allows you to run language learning models locally or on-prem using consumer-grade hardware without the need for GPUs. This RESTful API supports multiple model families that are compatible with ggml format. Our thanks go to mudler_it for this one.

winevdm enables you to keep old Windows programs on life support by running 16-bit Windows (1.x, 2.x, 3.0, 3.1, etc.) on a 64-bit Windows system. Ojakobe explains, "Had a special case of a user who clung to their Windows 7 PC because their work was reliant on a 16-bit program from 1997 (and even on 7 it didn't run properly). Used the program above to make it run reliably on 10."

After that you should now be able to install software. One final sticking point is that some older programs are wrapped up in 16-bit installers, however these can be installed by running the installer with something like otvdm.

Try WineVDM because NTvdm never got a port to 64-bit since the CPU mode it relied on for fast 16-bit code execution gets disabled when a x86 processor is switched into long mode. WineVDM is likely translating 16-bit instruction calls to 32-bit and then passing that off to Windows