manylinux
musl-cross-make
manylinux | musl-cross-make | |
---|---|---|
13 | 5 | |
1,355 | 1,187 | |
1.8% | - | |
8.8 | 5.5 | |
3 days ago | about 2 months ago | |
Shell | Makefile | |
MIT License | MIT License |
Stars - the number of stars that a project has on GitHub. Growth - month over month growth in stars.
Activity is a relative number indicating how actively a project is being developed. Recent commits have higher weight than older ones.
For example, an activity of 9.0 indicates that a project is amongst the top 10% of the most actively developed projects that we are tracking.
manylinux
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Building a go program with an older glibc
I use manylinux containers as the OS for compilation. It tries to ensure as much cross-os / libc / etc.. as much as possible for precompiled libraries. https://github.com/pypa/manylinux
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Alpine Linux in the Browser
Just to clarify for anyone who isn't aware, the "compiling issues", at least historically, have been that that Alpine uses musl, and PyPI's manylinux wheels are built against old glibc versions. So stuff like numpy that would trivially and quickly install from whl on glibc distros (like a bare-bones Ubuntu image) trigger compilations and the installation of build-only dependencies on Alpine.
That said, it looks like as of late-2021, at least some projects are offering musllinux wheels as well, per the discussion here: https://github.com/pypa/manylinux/issues/37 (not numpy, though: https://pypi.org/project/numpy/#files)
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Because cross-compiling binaries for Windows is easier than building natively
It's very hard. Incompatible glibc ABIs make this nigh impossible, there's a reason Steam installs a vcredistributable.dll for pretty much every game on Windows.
Look no further than the hoops you need jump through to distribute a Linux binary on PyPI [1]. Despite tons of engineering effort, and tons of hoop jumping from packagers, getting a non-trivial binary to run across all distros is still considered functionally impossible.
[1]: https://github.com/pypa/manylinux
- manylinux_2_28 image is published
- manylinux_2_28 image is published (including docker environment)
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CPython, C standards, and IEEE 754
As a user, if you build every python package from source, it's ok. But if you a maintainer of an OSS project and you need to publish binary packages for it, then you will hit the trouble. Binaries built on Ubuntu 20.04 can only support Ubuntu 20.04 and newer. So you'd better to choose an older Linux release to target broader users. Now most python packages choose CentOS 6 or 7. See https://github.com/pypa/manylinux/issues/1012 for more details. They need help!
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Using Zig as Cross Platform C Toolchain
I recently learned that Clang supports this kind of cross-compiling out of the box. https://mcilloni.ovh/2021/02/09/cxx-cross-clang/
The main difference is that Clang does not ship with headers/libraries for different platforms, as Zig appears to do. You need to give Clang a "sysroot" -- a path that has the headers/libraries for the platform you want to compile for.
If you create a bunch of sysroots for various architectures, you can do some pretty "easy" cross-compiling with just a single compiler binary. Docker can be a nice way of packaging up these sysroots (especially combined with Docker images like manylinux: https://github.com/pypa/manylinux). Gone are the days when you had to build a separate GCC cross-compiler for each platform you want to target.
- “LLVM-Libc” C Standard Library
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'Python: Please stop screwing over Linux distros'
Now you come and use manylinux to build. (https://github.com/pypa/manylinux) so you are based on the CentOS 7 toolchain (at best if you use manylinux2014) or Debian 9 toolchain (if you use manylinux_2_24).
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Building Outer Wonders for Linux
I think the generally accepted way to do that would be a container image running a relatively old distribution. This is exactly what python packages do when they need to distribute binary packages on linux [0]. You are supposed to compile the package in a container (or VM) that runs CentOS 7 (or older if you want broader support), although now the baseline is moving gradually to Debian 9.
[0]: https://github.com/pypa/manylinux
musl-cross-make
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Alpine Linux: Brilliant Linux Distro
I've done the same alpine trick for static binaries but may I introduce you to musl-cross-make?
https://github.com/richfelker/musl-cross-make
Just burned out static toolchains that make me static binaries for all architectures gcc supports. Much like musl.cc but they suggest building your own and I do.
I use these toolchains on debian (/ anywhere a non-ancient linux kernel runs) to make static binaries, you can too!
- “LLVM-Libc” C Standard Library
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SectorLISP binary footprint comparaison
Python obviously isn't 14kb because its code is divided into hundreds of shared object files. So the way I like to measure things is using static executable size, using tools like https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan or https://github.com/richfelker/musl-cross-make of which you'll find a static build in the cosmo repo. For example, here's the technique I used to build TinyLISP was something like this:
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Cross compiling ring for arm
I have a different issue with ring. This is on a custom Cortex A9 board at work. For most depedencies I can get compilation working fine with armv7-unknown-linux-musleabihf. I was able to build the cross compiler using https://github.com/richfelker/musl-cross-make , adding
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GCC Rust: GCC Front-End for Rust
A bit off topic, I hope someday GCC's build system gets overhauled. A huge advantage of LLVM is that it is quite easier to rebuild the runtime libraries without rebuilding the compiler. With GCC that's a pain, unless one takes the time to re-package GCC very carefully like https://github.com/richfelker/musl-cross-make and https://exherbo.org/.
Maybe getting some new GCC devs in there with projects like this would help with that?
What are some alternatives?
auditwheel - Auditing and relabeling cross-distribution Linux wheels.
glibc_version_header - Build portable Linux binaries without using an ancient distro
holy-build-box - System for building cross-distribution Linux binaries
mxe - MXE (M cross environment)
aports - [MIRROR] Alpine packages build scripts
lhelper - A simple utility to helps compile and install C/C++ libraries on Windows and Linux
zwave-js-ui - Full featured Z-Wave Control Panel UI and MQTT gateway. Built using Nodejs, and Vue/Vuetify
SDL - Simple Directmedia Layer
bootBASIC - bootBASIC is a BASIC language in 512 bytes of x86 machine code.
padio - Zero pad numeric filenames
AlpineLinux-DailyDriverDesktop - My minimalist desktop running Alpine Linux