dafny
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dafny | OpenCV | |
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31 | 196 | |
2,665 | 75,566 | |
1.5% | 1.6% | |
9.7 | 9.9 | |
6 days ago | 4 days ago | |
C# | C++ | |
GNU General Public License v3.0 or later | Apache License 2.0 |
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dafny
- Dafny is a verification-aware programming language
- Candy – a minimalistic functional programming language
- Dafny – a verification-aware programming language
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Lean4 helped Terence Tao discover a small bug in his recent paper
Code correctness is a lost art. I requirement to think in abstractions is what scares a lot of devs to avoid it. The higher abstraction language (formal specs) focus on a dedicated language to describe code, whereas lower abstractions (code contracts) basically replace validation logic with a better model.
C# once had Code Contracts[1]; a simple yet powerful way to make formal specifications. The contracts was checked at compile time using the Z3 SMT solver[2]. It was unfortunately deprecated after a few years[3] and once removed from the .NET Runtime it was declared dead.
The closest thing C# now have is probably Dafny[4] while the C# dev guys still try to figure out how to implement it directly in the language[5].
[1] https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/project/code-contra...
[2] https://github.com/Z3Prover/z3
[3] https://github.com/microsoft/CodeContracts
[4] https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny
[5] https://github.com/dotnet/csharplang/issues/105
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The Deep Link Equating Math Proofs and Computer Programs
I don't think something that specific exists. There are a very large number of formal methods tools, each with different specialties / domains.
For verification with proof assistants, [Software Foundations](https://softwarefoundations.cis.upenn.edu/) and [Concrete Semantics](http://concrete-semantics.org/) are both solid.
For verification via model checking, you can check out [Learn TLA+](https://learntla.com/), and the more theoretical [Specifying Systems](https://lamport.azurewebsites.net/tla/book-02-08-08.pdf).
For more theory, check out [Formal Reasoning About Programs](http://adam.chlipala.net/frap/).
And for general projects look at [F*](https://www.fstar-lang.org/) and [Dafny](https://dafny.org/).
- Dafny
- The Dafny Programming and Verification Language
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In Which I Claim Rich Hickey Is Wrong
Dafny and Whiley are two examples with explicit verification support. Idris and other dependently typed languages should all be rich enough to express the required predicate but might not necessarily be able to accept a reasonable implementation as proof. Isabelle, Lean, Coq, and other theorem provers definitely can express the capability but aren't going to churn out much in the way of executable programs; they're more useful to guide an implementation in a more practical functional language but then the proof is separated from the implementation, and you could also use tools like TLA+.
https://dafny.org/
https://whiley.org/
https://www.idris-lang.org/
https://isabelle.in.tum.de/
https://leanprover.github.io/
https://coq.inria.fr/
http://lamport.azurewebsites.net/tla/tla.html
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Programming Languages Going Above and Beyond
> I think we can assume it won't be as efficient has hand written code
Actually, surprisingly, not necessarily the case!
If you'll refer to the discussion in https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/601 and in https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/547, Dafny can statically prove that certain compiler branches are not possible and will never be taken (such as out-of-bounds on index access, logical assumptions about whether a value is greater than or less than some other value, etc). This lets you code in the assumptions (__assume in C++ or unreachable_unchecked() under rust) that will allow the compiler to optimize the codegen using this information.
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What are the current hot topics in type theory and static analysis?
Most of the proof assistants out there: Lean, Coq, Dafny, Isabelle, F*, Idris 2, and Agda. And the main concepts are dependent types, Homotopy Type Theory AKA HoTT, and Category Theory. Warning: HoTT and Category Theory are really dense, you're going to really need to research them.
OpenCV
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การจำแนกสายพันธุ์มะม่วง โดยใช้ Visual Geometry Group 16 (VGG16) ใน Python
Referenceshttps https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/riyaelizashaju/skin-disease-image-dataset-balanced?fbclid=IwAR3wbTp8l5yo_5fx6HAX8Vd2-9cca3khAc8EiBGFObaALfdVid29IuB_rYE https://keras.io/api/applications/vgg/ https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials/images/cnn?hl=th https://opencv.org/
- Opencv-Python adds support for Pathlike objects
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Exploring Open-Source Alternatives to Landing AI for Robust MLOps
Data analysis involves scrutinizing datasets for class imbalances or protected features and understanding their correlations and representations. A classical tool like pandas would be my obvious choice for most of the analysis, and I would use OpenCV or Scikit-Image for image-related tasks.
- OpenCV calls for help
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Image segmentation in huggingface
You'll need to plot the predictions. There are a few open source tools to do that, supervision is one you can use (https://github.com/roboflow/supervision) and opencv is another common option (https://github.com/opencv/opencv)
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Looking for a Windows auto-clicker with conditions
You might be able to achieve this with scripting tools like AutoHotkey or Python with libraries for GUI automation and image recognition (e.g., PyAutoGUI https://pyautogui.readthedocs.io/en/latest/, OpenCV https://opencv.org/).
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NodeJS: Blurring Human Faces in Photos
The OpenCV4NodeJs A.I. library provides an interface for calling OpenCV routines in NodeJS.
- NodeJS - Ofuscando rostos humanos em fotos
- SIMD Everywhere Optimization from ARM Neon to RISC-V Vector Extensions
- VidCutter: A program for lossless video cutting
What are some alternatives?
tlaplus - TLC is a model checker for specifications written in TLA+. The TLA+Toolbox is an IDE for TLA+.
libvips - A fast image processing library with low memory needs.
FStar - A Proof-oriented Programming Language
VTK - Mirror of Visualization Toolkit repository
rust - Rust for the xtensa architecture. Built in targets for the ESP32 and ESP8266
yolov5 - YOLOv5 🚀 in PyTorch > ONNX > CoreML > TFLite
koka - Koka language compiler and interpreter
CImg - The CImg Library is a small and open-source C++ toolkit for image processing
Rust-for-Linux - Adding support for the Rust language to the Linux kernel.
EasyOCR - Ready-to-use OCR with 80+ supported languages and all popular writing scripts including Latin, Chinese, Arabic, Devanagari, Cyrillic and etc.
interactive - .NET Interactive combines the power of .NET with many other languages to create notebooks, REPLs, and embedded coding experiences. Share code, explore data, write, and learn across your apps in ways you couldn't before.
Boost.GIL - Boost.GIL - Generic Image Library | Requires C++14 since Boost 1.80