awkward VS skweak

there's a whole ecosystem in Python originally developed for high energy physics data processing: https://github.com/scikit-hep/awkward all because Numpy demands square N-dimensional array

Same technique used everywhere, here's a simple Julia pkg for the same thing: https://github.com/JuliaArrays/ArraysOfArrays.jl/blob/3a6f5b...

But Julia at least has the decency to just support ragged Vector{Vector} out of the box, and it's not that slow

Awkward Array.

Numba's @vectorize decorator (https://numba.pydata.org/numba-doc/latest/user/vectorize.htm...) makes a ufunc, and Awkward Array knows how to implicitly map ufuncs. (It is necessary to specify the signature in the @vectorize argument; otherwise, it won't be a true ufunc and Awkward won't recognize it.)

When Numba's JIT encounters a ctypes function, it goes to the ABI source and inserts a function pointer in the LLVM IR that it's generating. Unfortunately, that means that there is function-pointer indirection on each call, and whether that matters depends on how long-running the function is. If you mean that your assembly function is 0.1 ns per call or something, then yes, that function-pointer indirection is going to be the bottleneck. If you mean that your assembly function is 1 μs per call and that's fast, given what it does, then I think it would be alright.

If you need to remove the function-pointer indirection and still run on Awkward Arrays, there are other things we can do, but they're more involved. Ping me in a GitHub Issue or Discussion on https://github.com/scikit-hep/awkward-1.0

Thanks for pointing me in the right direction. Seems like there’s a few other approaches with weak supervision: https://github.com/NorskRegnesentral/skweak

Code for https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.09683 found: https://github.com/NorskRegnesentral/skweak

Hi Raza here, one of the other co-founders.

I know that HN likes to nerd out over technical details so thought I’d share a bit more on how we aggregate the noisy labels to clean them up.

At the moment we use the great Skweak [1] open source library to do this. Skweak uses an HMM to infer the most likely unobserved label given the evidence of the votes from each of the labelling functions.

This whole strategy of first training a label model and then training a neural net was pioneered by Snorkel. We’ve used this approach for now but we actually think there are big opportunities for improvement.

We’re working on an end-to-end approach that de-noises the labelling function and trains the model at the same time. So far we’ve seen improvements on the standard benchmarks [2] and are planning to submit to Neurips.

R

[1]: Skweak package: https://github.com/NorskRegnesentral/skweak

skweak.

For more advanced unsupervised labeling, you should check skweak

I'm the main developer behind skweak by the way, happy to hear you're interested in our toolkit :-) We do already have a small list of products (see https://github.com/NorskRegnesentral/skweak/blob/main/data/products.json) extracted from DBPedia and Wikidata, but it may not be exactly the type of products you're looking for.