PSI
minisketch
PSI | minisketch | |
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3 | 10 | |
125 | 301 | |
0.0% | - | |
5.2 | 0.0 | |
26 days ago | 8 days ago | |
C++ | C++ | |
Apache License 2.0 | MIT License |
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PSI
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Can a new form of cryptography solve the internet’s privacy problem?
There are other techniques that aren't generally included in the "Zero Knowledge Proofs" set of techniques that are perhaps more practical for general development.
For example, I fine private set intersection[1] as implemented by OpenMined a really useful primative a bunch of privacy enhancing applications can be built on top of.
My colleagues and I recently published a pre-print[2] showing how to use this for sharing locations you and another person have had in common, without being able to see other locations. The paper talks about a social network built around this but I also think there are useful applications in things like real-world games (scavenger hunts etc)
[1] https://github.com/OpenMined/PSI/blob/master/private_set_int...
[2] https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.01927
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Ask HN: What are some 'cool' but obscure data structures you know about?
I came here to say Golomb compressed sets except now I see it's part of the question!
They are used by default in the OpenMined implementation of Private Set Intersection[1] - a multi-party computation technique.
[1] https://github.com/OpenMined/PSI/blob/master/private_set_int...
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Is there a Private Set Intersection protocol where the server learns the length of the intersection?
I was using OpenMinded/PSI exploring some PSI implementations, but I would like a way for the server to know the intersection size. Say Signal wants to calculate the average number of users from one person's address book (or whatever).
minisketch
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Invertible Bloom Lookup Tables with Less Randomness and Memory
Anyone interested in IBLT with low failure probablity should also be aware of pinsketch and, particularly, our implementation of it: minisketch ( https://github.com/sipa/minisketch/ ).
Our implementation communicates a difference of N b-bit entries with exactly N*b bits with 100% success. The cost for this communications efficiency and reliability is that the decoder takes CPU time quadratic in N, instead of IBLT's linear decoder. However, when N is usually small, if the implementation is fast this can be fine -- especially since you wouldn't normally want to use set recon unless you were communications limited.
Pinsketches and iblt can also be combined-- one can use pinsketches as the cells of an iblt and one can also use a small pinsketch to improve the failure rate of an iblt (since when a correctly sized IBLT fails, it's usually just due to a single undecodable cycle).
- Minisketch: an optimized library for BCH-based set reconciliation
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Peer-to-Peer Encrypted Messaging
Since the protocol appears to use adhoc synchronization, the authors might be interested in https://github.com/sipa/minisketch/ which is a library that implements a data structure (pinsketch) that allows two parties to synchronize their sets of m b-bit elements which differ by c entries using only b*c bits. A naive protocol would use m*b bits instead, which is potentially much larger.
I'd guess that under normal usage the message densities probably don't justify such efficient means-- we developed this library for use in bitcoin targeting rates on the order of a dozen new messages per second and where every participant has many peers with potentially differing sets--, but it's still probably worth being aware of. The pinsketch is always equal or more efficient than a naive approach, but may not be worth the complexity.
The somewhat better known IBLT data structure has constant overheads that make it less efficient than even naive synchronization until the set differences are fairly large (particular when the element hashes are small); so some applications that evaluated and eschewed IBLT might find pinsketch applicable.
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Ask HN: What are some 'cool' but obscure data structures you know about?
I love the set reconciliation structures like the IBLT (Iterative Bloom Lookup Table) and BCH set digests like minisketch.
https://github.com/sipa/minisketch
Lets say you have a set of a billion items. Someone else has mostly the same set but they differ by 10 items. These let you exchange messages that would fit in one UDP packet to reconcile the sets.
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Here is how Ethereum COULD scale without increasing centralisation and without depending on layer two's.
Sipa is working on a better version of that for a while. The technical term is a "set reconciliation protocol", but Bitcoin Core been doing a more basic version of this for a while. Note that the "BCH" there isn't the same as Bcash
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ish: Sketches for Zig
I'd also have to say that Zig is a pretty neat library for this. In order to implement PBS I needed the MiniSketch-library (written in C/C++) and I'll have to say that integrating with it has been a breeze. Some fiddling in build.zig so that I can avoid Makefile, and after that everything has worked amazingly.
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The Pinecone Overlay Network
Networks that need to constrain themselves to limited typologies to avoid traffic magnification do so at the expense of robustness, especially against active attackers that grind their identifiers to gain privileged positions.
Maybe this is a space where efficient reconciliation ( https://github.com/sipa/minisketch/ ) could help-- certainly if the goal were to flood messages to participants reconciliation can give almost optimal communication without compromising robustness.
- Is it any easier to find A, B such that sha256(A) ^ sha256(B) = sha256(C)?
What are some alternatives?
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