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InfluxDB
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Microsoft have recently put decent effort into making the Windows APIs more accessible to C++ users. One of these efforts is called C++/WinRT, and it specifically targets applications intended for "modern" Windows (Windows 8 and later). There's another effort underway at Microsoft for making the older Win32 API more C++-friendly, but it isn't documented nearly as well.
As far as APIs go for using the OS, decide on if you want your programs to run on platforms other than Windows. If so, something like Qt or wxWidgets may be appropriate. If you're just targeting Windows, though, use the Windows API.