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InfluxDB
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Abstract Background We collected hospitalization, death, and vaccination status data for all 86,488 laboratory- confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in Puerto Rico since the first COVID-19 vaccine was administered starting on December 15, 2020 and ending September 24, 2021. Using these data we estimated real-world time-varying effectiveness of the mRNA-1273 (Moderna), BNT162b2 (Pfizer), and Ad26.COV2.S (J & J) COVID-19 vaccines to quantify the public health benefits of Puerto Rico's immunization campaign. Furthermore, we compared the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccines before and after the dominance of the Delta variant. As of this writing, Puerto Rico had a higher vaccination rate and lower SARS-CoV-2 infection rate than all 50 States in the USA. Methods We used data obtained from the integration of the Puerto Rico Department of Health databases holding vaccination status, SARS-CoV-2 test results, and COVID-19 hospitalizations, and deaths. We estimated time-varying vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infections by fitting a statistical model that adjusts for time-varying incidence rates, age, gender, and day of the week. We also used this model to estimate the relative risk of hospitalization and deaths comparing vaccinated to unvaccinated individuals. Code and data are provided to reproduce the analysis here: https://github.com/rafalab/vax-eff-pr Results All vaccines were effective at reducing risks for all outcomes across all age groups. At the peak of their protection, mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, and Ad26.COV2.S had an effectiveness of 87% (85% - 89%), 85% (82% - 87%), and 65% (58% - 70%), with Ad26.COV2.S reaching this peak 32 days after the being considered fully vaccinated.