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The title is misleading, just like other commenters mentioned. Just check how much indirection "rb_iv_get()" has to make (at the end, it will call [1], which isn't "a light" call). Now, check generated JIT code (in a blog post) for the same action where JIT knows how to shave off unnecessary indirection.
We are comparing apples and oranges here.
[1] https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/b635a66e957e4dd3fed83ef1d7...
This is specifically about breaking the myth that performing expensive self-contained operations (e.g, parsing GraphQL) in a native extension (C, Rust, etc.) is always faster than the interpreted language.
The JS ecosystem has the same problem, people think rewriting everything in Rust will be a magic fix. In practice, there's always the problem highlighted in the post (transitioning is expensive, causes optimization bailouts), as well as the cost of actually getting the results back into Node-land. This is why SWC abandoned the JS API for writing plugins - constantly bouncing back and forth while traversing AST nodes was even slower than Babel (e.g https://github.com/swc-project/swc/issues/1392#issuecomment-...)
This pure Python library claims quite fabulous performance: https://github.com/MagicStack/asyncpg
I believe it because that team have done lots of great stuff but I haven't used it, I just remembered thinking it was interesting the performance was so good. Not sure how related it is to running on the asyncio loop (or which loop they used for benchmarks).
Probably, but you'd have to reimplement a lot of things you get for free out of libpq (prepared statements, pooler support, other things I'm forgetting about). But fwiw, there's already this: https://github.com/mneumann/postgres-pr