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To answer your question, I don't know if Soong or Bazel can reuse the files produced by an incremental Rust compilation. I tried searching the rules_rust repository and found some discussions, but nothing that clearly told me "Yes, this is supported".
C++: Not memory safe and tons of ceremonial to avoid UB and have actually well defined objects, semantically: for example, rule of five. Needs to follow a huge number of "core guidelines", https://isocpp.github.io/CppCoreGuidelines/CppCoreGuidelines, many of the most important are not automatically enforceable by tools. No enum types, invisible codepaths everywhere due to exceptions. Stupid textual-inclusion compilation model meaning that you need to manually track which headers should actually be included in a file (in particular, when reviewing changes to that file that may or may not render some header inclusions useless). Namespace system where the namespace is not inferred from the file/package, but explicitly declared in the file, meaning that name collisions are possible (and result in an ill formed program, no diagnostic required. Once had to debug a colleague's ODR violation that made even valgrind segfault... very fun afternoon) and should be watched for in review. No unsafe and anything could be UB, so have to be paranoid about everything that is being done.
We have actually written blog posts about this, plus it's all open source in Android. See this blog post as an example and see https://github.com/google/pdl for a tool used in part of the Bluetooth stack.