libds
pottery
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libds
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Common libraries and data structures for C
I may as well throw my hat into the ring: https://github.com/lelanthran/libds
I decided that I wanted to be able to simply drop a single .h file and a single .c file into any project without have to build a `libBlah.so` and link it to every project that needed (for example) a hashmap.
The practical result is that using the hashmap only requires me to copy the header and source files into the calling project.
It does build as a standalone library too, so you can link it if you want.
My primary reason for starting this is that I was pretty unsatisfied with all of the string libraries for C. When all I want to do is concatenate multiple strings together, I don't want to have to convert between `char ` and `struct stringtype ` everywhere.
The string functions are very useful as they all operate on the standard `char *` (nul-terminated) type.
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Buffet
That would be nice, then I wouldn't have to use non-standard stuff.
I made my own easy-to-incorporate-into-any-project library - https://github.com/lelanthran/libds - just copy the ds_*.h and ds_*.c into a project and you're good to go.
I'm not saying it will work for you, but it works for me.
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BCHS: OpenBSD, C, httpd and SQLite web stack
> Is there a good string-manipulation C library?
You will have to define "good". My string library[1][2] is "good" for me because:
1. It's compatible with all the usual string functions (doesn't define a new type `string_t` or similar, uses existing `char `).
2. It does what I want: a) Works on multiple strings so repeated operations are easy, and b) Allocates as necessary so that the caller only has to free, and not calculate how much memory is needed beforehand.
The combination of the above means that many common* string operations that I want to do in my programs are both easy to do and easy to visually inspect for correctness in the caller.
Others will say that this is not good, because it still uses and exposes `char *`.
[1] https://github.com/lelanthran/libds/blob/master/src/ds_str.h
[2] Currently the only bug I know of is the quadratic runtime in many of the functions. I intend to fix this at some point.
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Strings in C... tiring and unsafe. So I just made this lib. Am I doing it right, Reddit ?
As an example of an opaque pointer library, see https://github.com/lelanthran/libds/blob/v1.0.5/src/ds_ll.h - See line 7 for the typedef. - Lines 9, 10, 11 and 67, 68 and 69 for making it callable from C++.
pottery
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Popular Data Structure Libraries in C ?
Pottery - The page for open hash map reads "Documentation still needs to be written. In the meantime check out the examples."
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So what's the best data structures and algorithms library for C?
"Using macros" is a broad description that covers multiple paradigms. There are libraries that use macros in combination with typed pointers and functions that take void* parameters to provide some degree of API genericity and type safety at the same time (e.g. stb_ds and, as you mentioned, my own CC). There are libraries that use macros (or #include directives) to manually instantiate templates (e.g. STC, M*LIB, and Pottery). And then there are libraries that are implemented entirely or almost entirely as macros (e.g. uthash).
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Better C Generics: The Extendible _Generic
The prototype of CC used this mechanism to provide a generic API for types instantiated via templates (so basically like other container libraries, but with an extendible-_Generic-based API laid over the top of the generated types). This approach has some significant advantages over the approach CC now uses, but I got a bit obsessed with eliminating the need to manually instantiate templates.
- C_dictionary: A simple dynamically typed and sized hashmap in C - feedback welcome
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Common libraries and data structures for C
I think it's common for C programmers to roll their own. I did the same [0].
I went pretty deep into composable C templates to build mine so it's more powerful than most. The containers can handle non-bitwise-movable types with full C++-style lifecycle functions and such, and the sort algorithms can handle dynamic and non-contiguous arrays (they are powerful enough to implement qsort() [1], which is more than I can say for any other C sort templates I've seen.) My reasoning for the complexity at the time was that any powerful container library is going to be reasonably complex in implementation (as anyone who's looked at STL source code knows), so it just needs to be encapsulated behind a good interface.
I'm not so sure that's true anymore. These sorts of simpler libraries like the one linked here definitely seem to be more popular among C programmers. I think if people are using C, it's not just the C++ language complexity they want to get away from, but also the implementation complexity of libraries and such. There's a balance to be had for sure, and I think the balance varies from person to person, which is why no library has emerged as the de facto standard for containers in C.
[0]: https://github.com/ludocode/pottery
- C++ containers but in C
- Pottery – A pure C, include-only, type-safe, algorithm template library
- Ask HN: What you up to? (Who doesn't want to be hired?)
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Type-safe generic data structures in C
Yes! The include style of templates in C is way better than the old way of huge macros to instantiate code. The template code can look mostly like idiomatic C, it interacts way better with a debugger, it gives better compiler errors... everything about it is better and it's finally starting to become more popular.
I've open sourced my own C template library here:
https://github.com/ludocode/pottery
Not only does it use the #include style of templates, but it actually makes the templates composable. It takes this idea pretty far, for example having a lifecycle template that lets you define operations on your type like move, copy, destroy, etc. This way the containers can fully manage the lifecycles of your types even if they're not bitwise movable.
There's also this other more popular C template library, one that tries to more directly port C++ templates to C but with a lot less features:
https://github.com/glouw/ctl/
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Beating Up on Qsort (2019)
This article doesn't really make it clear but the merge sort discussion is specifically about glibc's implementation of qsort(). glibc's qsort() and Wine's qsort() are the only ones I know of that use merge sort to implement qsort(). Most implementations use quick sort.
I recently did my own benchmarking on various qsort()s since I was trying to implement a faster one. The various BSDs and macOS qsort() are all faster than glibc at sorting integers and they don't allocate memory:
https://github.com/ludocode/pottery/tree/master/examples/pot...
Of course sorting is much faster if you can inline the comparator so a templated sort algorithm is always going to be faster than a function that takes a function pointer. But this does not require C++; it can be done in plain C. The templated intro_sort from Pottery (linked above) is competitive with std::sort, as are the excellent swensort/sort templates:
https://github.com/swenson/sort
What are some alternatives?
stb - stb single-file public domain libraries for C/C++
mpack - MPack - A C encoder/decoder for the MessagePack serialization format / msgpack.org[C]
libderp - C collections. Easy to build, boring algorithms. Dumb is good.
pdqsort - Pattern-defeating quicksort.
live-bootstrap - Use of a Linux initramfs to fully automate the bootstrapping process
mavis - opinionated typing library for elixir
kcgi - minimal CGI and FastCGI library for C/C++
sc - Common libraries and data structures for C.
SDS - Simple Dynamic Strings library for C
Klib - A standalone and lightweight C library
buf - C string buffer library
ctl - My variant of the C Template Library