coq
Apache Log4j 2
coq | Apache Log4j 2 | |
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87 | 108 | |
4,609 | 3,273 | |
0.7% | 0.4% | |
10.0 | 9.9 | |
4 days ago | 1 day ago | |
OCaml | Java | |
GNU Lesser General Public License v3.0 only | Apache License 2.0 |
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coq
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Change of Name: Coq –> The Rocq Prover
The page summarizing the considered new names and their pros/cons is interesting: https://github.com/coq/coq/wiki/Alternative-names
Naming is hard...
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The First Stable Release of a Rust-Rewrite Sudo Implementation
Are those more important than, say:
- Proven with Coq, a formal proof management system: https://coq.inria.fr/
See in the real world: https://aws.amazon.com/security/provable-security/
And check out Computer-Aided Verification (CAV).
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Why Mathematical Proof Is a Social Compact
To be ruthlessly, uselessly pedantic - after all, we're mathematicians - there's reasonable definitions of "academic" where logical unsoundness is still academic if it never interfered with the reasoning behind any proofs of interest ;)
But: so long as we're accepting that unsoundness in your checker or its underlying theory are intrinsically deal breakers, there's definitely a long history of this, perhaps more somewhat more relevant than the HM example, since no proof checkers of note, AFAIK, have incorporated mutation into their type theory.
For one thing, the implementation can very easily have bugs. Coq itself certainly has had soundness bugs occasionally [0]. I'm sure Agda, Lean, Idris, etc. have too, but I've followed them less closely.
But even the underlying mathematics have been tricky. Girard's Paradox broke Martin-Löf's type theory, which is why in these dependently typed proof assistants you have to deal with the bizarre "Tower of Universes"; and Girard's Paradox is an analogue of Russell's Paradox which broke more naive set theories. And then Russell himself and his system of universal mathematics was very famously struck down by Gödel.
But we've definitely gotten it right this time...
[0] https://github.com/coq/coq/issues/4294
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In Which I Claim Rich Hickey Is Wrong
Dafny and Whiley are two examples with explicit verification support. Idris and other dependently typed languages should all be rich enough to express the required predicate but might not necessarily be able to accept a reasonable implementation as proof. Isabelle, Lean, Coq, and other theorem provers definitely can express the capability but aren't going to churn out much in the way of executable programs; they're more useful to guide an implementation in a more practical functional language but then the proof is separated from the implementation, and you could also use tools like TLA+.
https://dafny.org/
https://whiley.org/
https://www.idris-lang.org/
https://isabelle.in.tum.de/
https://leanprover.github.io/
https://coq.inria.fr/
http://lamport.azurewebsites.net/tla/tla.html
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If given a list of properties/definitions and relationship between them, could a machine come up with (mostly senseless, but) true implications?
Still, there are many useful tools based on these ideas, used by programmers and mathematicians alike. What you describe sounds rather like Datalog (e.g. Soufflé Datalog), where you supply some rules and an initial fact, and the system repeatedly expands out the set of facts until nothing new can be derived. (This has to be finite, if you want to get anywhere.) In Prolog (e.g. SWI Prolog) you also supply a set of rules and facts, but instead of a fact as your starting point, you give a query containing some unknown variables, and the system tries to find an assignment of the variables that proves the query. And finally there is a rich array of theorem provers and proof assistants such as Agda, Coq, Lean, and Twelf, which can all be used to help check your reasoning or explore new ideas.
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Functional Programming in Coq
What ever happened to the effort [1] to rename Coq in order to make it less offensive? There were a number of excellent proposals [2] that seemed to die on the vine.
[1] https://github.com/coq/coq/wiki/Alternative-names
[2] https://github.com/coq/coq/wiki/Alternative-names#c%E1%B5%A3...
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Mark Petruska has requested 250000 Algos for the development of a Coq-avm library for AVM version 8
Information about the Coq proof assistant: https://coq.inria.fr/ , https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coq
- How are people like Andrew Wiles and Grigori Perelman able to work on popular problems for years without others/the research community discovering the same breakthroughs? Is it just luck?
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Basic SAT model of x86 instructions using Z3, autogenerated from Intel docs
This type of thing can help you formally verify code.
So, if your proof is correct, and your description of the (language/CPU) is correct, you can prove the code does what you think it does.
Formal proof systems are still growing up, though, and they are still pretty hard to use. See Coq for an introduction: https://coq.inria.fr/
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What are the current hot topics in type theory and static analysis?
Most of the proof assistants out there: Lean, Coq, Dafny, Isabelle, F*, Idris 2, and Agda. And the main concepts are dependent types, Homotopy Type Theory AKA HoTT, and Category Theory. Warning: HoTT and Category Theory are really dense, you're going to really need to research them.
Apache Log4j 2
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Hackers exploited Windows 0-day for 6 months after Microsoft knew of it
I don't think that's a good example. While Apache devs are volunteers and Microsoft devs are employees, they were criticized for their slow response time and seeming lack of urgency until it was far too late.
https://github.com/apache/logging-log4j2/pull/608#issuecomme...
- Create an alternative async logger implementation using JCTools
- Log4j requesting feedback on which modules/features to drop
- The Unsung Heroes of Open Source: The Dedicated Maintainers Behind Lesser-Known Projects
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Studying Log4Shell
The official website. The vulnerability was introduced in 2.0-beta7 which was released in 2013.
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The Dedicated Maintainers Behind Lesser-Known Open Source Projects
However, there are many open source projects that are widely used but not well-known, including cURL, ImageMagick, MyCLI, Homebrew, Apache Log4j, and OpenSSL. This article will take a closer look at these unsung heroes of the open source world. I do not want to give them a business model or financial advice in this article. This largely depends on the author's personal experience and values. I just want to raise more awareness about these open source projects.
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Apache POI Setup Logging Error
What you need is log4j-core, what you downloaded is some kind of connector between log4j and JUL. Tbh I don't know what JUL is, but that's not important. You can get log4j-core on from the official website - https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/ or in maven repo. In case you're not using maven, I highly, highly recommend you using it for managing your dependencies.
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Log4Shell Still Has Sting in the Tail
> When it was first revealed in early December 2021, the Log4Shell bug was described as one of the most severe security vulnerabilities ever.
> The Apache Software Foundation, which maintains the open-source tool, quickly released a patch...
Apache horribly mismanaged this and did not release a patch until it was already widely known and being exploited in the wild. They also messed up and had to release several subsequent patches to actually fix the vulnerability.
Remember: this vulnerability was disclosed to them in November.
https://github.com/apache/logging-log4j2/pull/608#issuecomme...
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The US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Agency open-sourced a new tool named Scuba
Think back to the Log4J event, were you affected? (https://github.com/apache/logging-log4j2)
- In One Minute : log4j2
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Agda - Agda is a dependently typed programming language / interactive theorem prover.
Logstash - Logstash - transport and process your logs, events, or other data
lean4 - Lean 4 programming language and theorem prover
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tlaplus - TLC is a model checker for specifications written in TLA+. The TLA+Toolbox is an IDE for TLA+.
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