YubiKey-Guide
systemd
YubiKey-Guide | systemd | |
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112 | 517 | |
10,735 | 12,516 | |
- | 1.6% | |
8.3 | 10.0 | |
15 days ago | 1 day ago | |
HTML | C | |
MIT License | GNU General Public License v3.0 only |
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YubiKey-Guide
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Can I use Security Key C NFC as backup for 5C NFC if I use OpenPGP?
Instead, most people generate keypair(s) on an airgapped machine and write them to two Yubikeys. Or write subkeys to a single Yubikey and keep a backup in encrypted form. See https://github.com/drduh/YubiKey-Guide
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Ask HN: Why does YubiCo need my private key?
I'd recommend using the Yubikey as a GPG smartcard[1]. The private key stays on the Yubikey. I also use it for ssh. But make sure you have a backup key or two, just in case the primary Yubikey gives out. FIDO2 and all other regular Yubikey functionality still works with it.
[1]: https://github.com/drduh/YubiKey-Guide
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An Opinionated Yubikey Set-Up Guide
The excellent guide by drduh should be mentioned here: https://github.com/drduh/YubiKey-Guide — I've been using this approach for years to store my OpenPGP keys on Yubikeys and use them for SSH.
I don't generate my keys on devices. That lets me be flexible and keep backups, as well as use the same keys on multiple physical devices. Using a single yubikey is a bad idea, as you're bound to eventually lose it or break it. Hasn't happened to me yet in 5 years, but I expect it to happen.
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How to use Yubikey to login into a server
I followed this guide to generate a master key and three subkey.
- Guide to Using Yubikey for GPG and SSH
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GnuPG Private Key storage on YubiKey: Why are the private keys still present in my .gnupg/ folder?
See https://github.com/drduh/YubiKey-Guide . Also google for OpenPGP card specifications, they will answer your question
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Got myself Yubikey and set it up for my password manager and email. What next?
Regarding GPG/SSH keys, there is a great howto: https://github.com/drduh/YubiKey-Guide
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Some guidance from those who use their Yubikey to protect their SSH connections.
I'd be lying if I said I understood all of that. I'm definitely going to do some research ahaha. Someone else on this post sentence this like which they said was very good guide. https://github.com/drduh/YubiKey-Guide
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When it comes to storing PGP keys what is the difference between a YubiKey and a standard USB key
When storing the key on a Yubikey, however, all you need is just the PIN in order to use the key. It can contain numbers, letters, symbols, etc. and can be quite long, so you can treat it as a passphrase for all intents and purposes. There are actually two PIN codes: one regular one, for a read access, and another administrative one, for write access for when you want to modify the gpg applet settings or the key on the Yubikey. There is also a limit to how many times in a row you can enter pins incorrectly, after which the gpg applet gets locked and the only thing you can do is reset it, erasing the PGP keys. See https://github.com/drduh/YubiKey-Guide for more information.
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Issues moving OpenPGP encryption & authentication keys to YubiKey 5C
Try follow this guide from DrDuh https://github.com/drduh/YubiKey-Guide/blob/master/README.md
systemd
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Run0 – systemd based alternative to sudo announced
> 3. even `adduser` will not allow it by default
5. useradd does allow it (as noted in a comment). 6. Local users are not the only source, there things like LDAP and AD.
7. POSIX allows it:
* https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/6237#issuecomment-...
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Systemd Rolling Out "run0" As sudo Alternative
> I for one love to type out 13 extra characters
FWIW, systemd is normally pretty good at providing autocomplete suggestions, so even if you don't want to set up an alias you'll probably just have to type `--b ` to set it.
> I wonder what random ASCII escape sequences we can send.
According to the man page source[0]:
> The color specified should be an ANSI X3.64 SGR background color, i.e. strings such as `40`, `41`, …, `47`, `48;2;…`, `48;5;…`
and a link to the relevant Wikipedia page[1]. Given systemd's generally decent track record wrt defects and security issues, and the simplicity of valid colour values, I expect there's a fairly robust parameter verifier in there.
In fact, given the focus on starting the elevated command in a highly controlled environment, I'd expect the colour codes to be output to the originating terminal, not forwarded to the secure pty. That way, the only thing malformed escapes can affect is your own process, which you already have full control over anyway.
(Happy to be shown if that's a mistaken expectation though.)
[0] https://github.com/systemd/systemd/blob/main/man/run0.xml
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#SGR_(Select_G...
- Crash-only software: More than meets the eye
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Systemd Wants to Expand to Include a Sudo Replacement
bash & zsh are supported by upstream: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/tree/main/shell-completio...
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"Run0" as a Sudo Replacement
the right person to replace sudo, not: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/6237
PS: https://pwnies.com/systemd-bugs/
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Linux fu: getting started with systemd
https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/32028#issuecomment...
There are some very compelling arguments made there if you care to read them
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Ubuntu 24.04 (and Debian) removed libsystemd from SSH server dependencies
Maybe it was because you weren't pointing out anything new?
There was a pull request to stop linking libzma to systemd before the attack even took place
https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/31550
This was likely one of many things that pushed the attackers to work faster, and forced them into making mistakes.
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Systemd minimizing required dependencies for libsystemd
The PR for changing compression libraries to use dlopen() was opened several weeks before the xz-utils backdoor was revealed.
https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/31550
- Going in circles without a real-time clock
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The xz sshd backdoor rabbithole goes quite a bit deeper
I find this the most plausible explanation by far:
* The highly professional outfit simply did not see teknoraver's commit to remove liblzma as standard dependency of systemd build scripts coming.
* The race was on between their compromised code and that commit. They had to win it, with as large a window as possible.
* This caused serious errors.
* The performance regression is __not__ big. It's lucky Andres caught it at all. It's also not necessarily all that simple to remove it. It's not simply a bug in a loop or some such.
* The payload of the 'hack' contains fairly easy ways for the xz hackers to update the payload. They actually used it to remove a real issue where their hackery causes issues with valgrind that might lead to discovering it, and they also used it to release 5.6.1 which rewrites significant chunks; I've as yet not read, nor know of any analysis, as to why they changed so much.
Extra info for those who don't know:
https://github.com/systemd/systemd/commit/3fc72d54132151c131...
That's a commit that changes how liblzma is a dependency of systemd. Not because the author of this commit knew anything was wrong with it. But, pretty much entirely by accident (although removing deps was part of the point of that commit), almost entirely eliminates the value of all those 2 years of hard work.
And that was with the finish line in sight for the xz hackers: On 24 feb 2024, the xz hackers release liblzma 5.6.0 which is the first fully operational compromised version. __12 days later systemd merges a commit that means it won't work__.
So now the race is on. Can they get 5.6.0 integrated into stable releases of major OSes _before_ teknoraver's commit that removes liblzma's status as direct dep of systemd?
I find it plausible that they knew about teknoraver's commit _just before_ Feb 24th 2024 (when liblzma v5.6.0 was released, the first backdoored release), and rushed to release ASAP, before doing the testing you describe. Buoyed by their efforts to add ways to update the payload which they indeed used - March 8th (after teknoraver's commit was accepted) it was used to fix the valgrind issue.
So, no, I don't find this weird, and I don't think the amateurish aspects should be taken as some sort of indication that parts of the outfit were amateuristic. As long as it's plausible that the amateuristic aspects were simply due to time pressure, it sounds like a really bad idea to make assumptions in this regard.
What are some alternatives?
solo1 - Solo 1 firmware in C
openrc - The OpenRC init system
wsl2-ssh-pageant - bridge between windows pageant and wsl2
tini - A tiny but valid `init` for containers
sops - Simple and flexible tool for managing secrets
inotify-tools - inotify-tools is a C library and a set of command-line programs providing a simple interface to inotify.
wsl-ssh-pageant - A Pageant -> TCP bridge for use with WSL, allowing for Pageant to be used as an ssh-ageant within the WSL environment.
s6 - The s6 supervision suite.
secretive - Store SSH keys in the Secure Enclave
earlyoom - earlyoom - Early OOM Daemon for Linux
IsoApplet - A Java Card PKI Applet aiming to be ISO 7816 compliant
supervisor - Supervisor process control system for Unix (supervisord)