LibCST VS CPython

LibCST: Seems to only show in terminal.

While you can do this using ANTLR or any other lexing/parsing tool, it's honestly a bit of a pain. Whitespace and comments can go almost anywhere, even in the middle of expressions, so the grammar ends up becoming fairly messy. So, I'd recommend using a library that handles this for you, if at all possible. For example, if I wanted to code-mod Python I'd prob just use the LibCST library.

I recommend https://github.com/Instagram/LibCST (which is currently implementing rust bindings)

I've been roughly copying some of the logic from the LibCST project. This struct in particular- https://github.com/Instagram/LibCST/blob/main/native/libcst/src/tokenizer/text_position/char_width.rs does a good job of normalizing the line endings of a str. The long way around you could mimic this construct, transform the str to normalized line endings, and then split on "\n" or make a somewhat more complicated transformer which turns a large str into a Vec (or Vec).

I myself am working on upgrading LibCST's parser engine to support the new syntax, and then am hoping we can rewrite Black's formatting rules in terms of LibCST's API. That's not a small amount of work, which is why we can't confidently say that's going to be the way forward.

Never used it but it appears that Facebook/Instagram have a format preserving CST library for Python: https://github.com/Instagram/LibCST

python has random.shuffle() and random.sample() with an MT Mersenne Twister PRNG for random. https://docs.python.org/3/library/random.html#random.shuffle Modules/_randommodule.c: https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Modules/_randomm... , Library/random.py: https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Lib/random.py#L3...

From "Uniting the Linux random-number devices" (2022) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30377944 :

> > In 2020, the Linux kernel version 5.6 /dev/random only blocks when the CPRNG hasn't initialized. Once initialized, /dev/random and /dev/urandom behave the same. [17]

From https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37712506 :

> "lock-free concurrency" [...] "Ask HN: Why don't PCs have better entropy sources?" [for generating txids/uuids] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30877296

> "100-Gbit/s Integrated Quantum Random Number Generator Based on Vacuum Fluctuations" https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PRXQuantum.4.010330

Python

Python bytecode is like a secret language that Python uses behind the scenes. When you write your Python code, it doesn’t run directly. Instead, Python translates your code into bytecode, a set of instructions that the Python interpreter can understand and execute.

Ensure you have Python installed on your system. You can download it from the official Python website. Verify the installation by running:

We strongly encourage maintainers of third-party Python projects to test with 3.13 during the beta phase and report issues found to the Python bug tracker as soon as possible. While the release is planned to be feature complete entering the beta phase, it is possible that features may be modified or, in rare cases, deleted up until the start of the release candidate phase (Tuesday 2024-07-30). Our goal is to have no ABI changes after beta 4 and as few code changes as possible after 3.13.0rc1, the first release candidate. To achieve that, it will be extremely important to get as much exposure for 3.13 as possible during the beta phase.

Before diving into Tkinter, ensure that you have Python installed on your computer. Visit the official Python website (https://www.python.org) and download the latest version suitable for your operating system.

1. Download the files: "CasinoGame.py" and "MainDriverSection.py" 2. Make sure Python is installed: https://www.python.org/ 3. Open a terminal for command prompt 3.1 Navigate to the directory containing the files 3.2 Run the game with "python3

Let's install Python on your computer by downloading it from the official Python website.

I think there's a bit of a misunderstanding regarding exit. exit is not a keyword or a REPL command; it's actually a function exposed in the builtin package. you can run "import builtins; builtins.exit()"

To clarify, there are two things here: why exit exists in the REPL, and why it's a function. The exit() function is available only in the REPL, and it appears built-in, but it isn't part of the built-in namespace. Instead, exit is loaded automatically by the site module.

Heres is the code with the function site.main that is doing it: https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/8af84b503d0b62a3db0d8...

The line builtins.exit = _sitebuiltins.Quitter('exit', eof) shows that exit is set as a function. The Quitter class, which exit is an instance of, has a __call__ method, making it callable, so it as a function.

I don't believe you're wrong not understanding it; it's just that the process isn’t typically explained in detail, especially what happens when you start the REPL. This is why the message "Use exit() instead..." exists in the REPL: it needs that clarification.

In a nutshell, exit is a function loaded into the built-ins by the site.py module, which automatically activates when the REPL starts. This automatic loading is what makes exit, help, __copyright__ and others available only in the interactive sessions.