DeepSpeed
fairscale
| DeepSpeed | fairscale | |
|---|---|---|
| 51 | 6 | |
| 32,834 | 2,907 | |
| 1.6% | 2.4% | |
| 9.8 | 4.5 | |
| about 12 hours ago | 5 days ago | |
| Python | Python | |
| Apache License 2.0 | GNU General Public License v3.0 or later |
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DeepSpeed
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Can we discuss MLOps, Deployment, Optimizations, and Speed?
DeepSpeed can handle parallelism concerns, and even offload data/model to RAM, or even NVMe (!?) . I'm surprised I don't see this project used more.
- [P][D] A100 is much slower than expected at low batch size for text generation
- DeepSpeed-FastGen: High-Throughput for LLMs via MII and DeepSpeed-Inference
- DeepSpeed-FastGen: High-Throughput Text Generation for LLMs
- Why async gradient update doesn't get popular in LLM community?
- DeepSpeed Ulysses: System Optimizations for Enabling Training of Extreme Long Sequence Transformer Models (r/MachineLearning)
- [P] DeepSpeed Ulysses: System Optimizations for Enabling Training of Extreme Long Sequence Transformer Models
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A comprehensive guide to running Llama 2 locally
While on the surface, a 192GB Mac Studio seems like a great deal (it's not much more than a 48GB A6000!), there are several reasons why this might not be a good idea:
* I assume most people have never used llama.cpp Metal w/ large models. It will drop to CPU speeds whenever the context window is full: https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/issues/1730#issuecomm... - while sure this might be fixed in the future, it's been an issue since Metal support was added, and is a significant problem if you are actually trying to actually use it for inferencing. With 192GB of memory, you could probably run larger models w/o quantization, but I've never seen anyone post benchmarks of their experiences. Note that at that point, the limited memory bandwidth will be a big factor.
* If you are planning on using Apple Silicon for ML/training, I'd also be wary. There are multi-year long open bugs in PyTorch[1], and most major LLM libs like deepspeed, bitsandbytes, etc don't have Apple Silicon support[2][3].
You can see similar patterns w/ Stable Diffusion support [4][5] - support lagging by months, lots of problems and poor performance with inference, much less fine tuning. You can apply this to basically any ML application you want (srt, tts, video, etc)
Macs are fine to poke around with, but if you actually plan to do more than run a small LLM and say "neat", especially for a business, recommending a Mac for anyone getting started w/ ML workloads is a bad take. (In general, for anyone getting started, unless you're just burning budget, renting cloud GPU is going to be the best cost/perf, although on-prem/local obviously has other advantages.)
[1] https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3A...
[2] https://github.com/microsoft/DeepSpeed/issues/1580
[3] https://github.com/TimDettmers/bitsandbytes/issues/485
[4] https://github.com/AUTOMATIC1111/stable-diffusion-webui/disc...
[5] https://forums.macrumors.com/threads/ai-generated-art-stable...
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Microsoft Research proposes new framework, LongMem, allowing for unlimited context length along with reduced GPU memory usage and faster inference speed. Code will be open-sourced
And https://github.com/microsoft/deepspeed
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April 2023
DeepSpeed Chat: Easy, Fast and Affordable RLHF Training of ChatGPT-like Models at All Scales (https://github.com/microsoft/DeepSpeed/tree/master/blogs/deepspeed-chat)
fairscale
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[R] TorchScale: Transformers at Scale - Microsoft 2022 Shuming Ma et al - Improves modeling generality and capability, as well as training stability and efficiency.
I skimmed through the README and paper. What does this library have that that hasn't been included in xformers or fairscale?
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[D] DeepSpeed vs PyTorch native API
Things are slowly moving into PyTorch upstream such as the ZeRO redundancy optimizer but from my experience the team behind DeepSpeed just move faster. There is also fairscale from the FAIR team which seems to be a staging ground for experimental optimizations before they move into PyTorch. If you use Lightning, it's easy enough to try out these various libraries (docs here)
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How to Train Large Models on Many GPUs?
DeepSpeed [1] is amazing tool to enable the different kind of parallelisms and optimizations on your model. I would definitely not recommend reimplementing everything yourself.
Probably FairScale [2] too, but never tried it myself.
[1]: https://github.com/microsoft/DeepSpeed
[2]: https://github.com/facebookresearch/fairscale
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[P] PyTorch Lightning Multi-GPU Training Visualization using minGPT, from 250 Million to 4+ Billion Parameters
It was helpful for me to see how DeepSpeed/FairScale stack up compared to vanilla PyTorch Distributed Training specifically when trying to reach larger parameter sizes, visualizing the trade off with throughput. A lot of the learnings ended up in the Lightning Documentation under the advanced GPU docs!
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[D] Training 10x Larger Models and Accelerating Training with ZeRO-Offloading
I created a feature request on the FairScale project so that we can track the progress on the integration: Support ZeRO-Offload · Issue #337 · facebookresearch/fairscale (github.com)
What are some alternatives?
ColossalAI - Making large AI models cheaper, faster and more accessible
Megatron-DeepSpeed - Ongoing research training transformer language models at scale, including: BERT & GPT-2
Megatron-LM - Ongoing research training transformer models at scale
TensorRT - NVIDIA® TensorRT™ is an SDK for high-performance deep learning inference on NVIDIA GPUs. This repository contains the open source components of TensorRT.
pytorch-lightning - Build high-performance AI models with PyTorch Lightning (organized PyTorch). Deploy models with Lightning Apps (organized Python to build end-to-end ML systems). [Moved to: https://github.com/Lightning-AI/lightning]
accelerate - 🚀 A simple way to launch, train, and use PyTorch models on almost any device and distributed configuration, automatic mixed precision (including fp8), and easy-to-configure FSDP and DeepSpeed support
torchscale - Foundation Architecture for (M)LLMs
fairseq - Facebook AI Research Sequence-to-Sequence Toolkit written in Python.
gpt-neox - An implementation of model parallel autoregressive transformers on GPUs, based on the DeepSpeed library.
mesh-transformer-jax - Model parallel transformers in JAX and Haiku
pytorch-lightning - Pretrain, finetune and deploy AI models on multiple GPUs, TPUs with zero code changes.