eBPF – Running sandboxed programs in a privileged context such as OS kernel

1. pamspy

   1 12 1,135 3.8 C

   Credentials Dumper for Linux using eBPF

   

   This is a good write-up and I like the diagrams. What appears to still be missing in an "off switch". AFAIK there are still no kernel boot time commands to disable eBPF entirely. I have to recompile the kernel to disable it.

   eBPF has the potential for file-less malware to run hidden from detection and I foresee the ability to tickle ring -3 (and -4?) CPU within CPU functions while bypassing local firewalls.

   Here is some example code of what people already know how to do today and this list will grow as people discover more capabilities. [1][2][3][4][5] These do require some privileges to insert but will remain running and hidden until reboot.

   [1] - https://github.com/citronneur/pamspy

   [2] - https://github.com/h3xduck/TripleCross

   [3] - https://github.com/krisnova/boopkit

   [4] - https://github.com/pathtofile/bad-bpf

   [5] - https://doublepulsar.com/bpfdoor-an-active-chinese-global-su...

2. InfluxDB

   influxdata.com featured

   InfluxDB high-performance time series database. Collect, organize, and act on massive volumes of high-resolution data to power real-time intelligent systems.

   

3. TripleCross

   2 11 1,828 0.0 C

   A Linux eBPF rootkit with a backdoor, C2, library injection, execution hijacking, persistence and stealth capabilities.

   

   This is a good write-up and I like the diagrams. What appears to still be missing in an "off switch". AFAIK there are still no kernel boot time commands to disable eBPF entirely. I have to recompile the kernel to disable it.

   eBPF has the potential for file-less malware to run hidden from detection and I foresee the ability to tickle ring -3 (and -4?) CPU within CPU functions while bypassing local firewalls.

   Here is some example code of what people already know how to do today and this list will grow as people discover more capabilities. [1][2][3][4][5] These do require some privileges to insert but will remain running and hidden until reboot.

   [1] - https://github.com/citronneur/pamspy

   [2] - https://github.com/h3xduck/TripleCross

   [3] - https://github.com/krisnova/boopkit

   [4] - https://github.com/pathtofile/bad-bpf

   [5] - https://doublepulsar.com/bpfdoor-an-active-chinese-global-su...

4. boopkit

   3 10 1,606 1.5 C

   Linux eBPF backdoor over TCP. Spawn reverse shells, RCE, on prior privileged access. Less Honkin, More Tonkin.

   

   This is a good write-up and I like the diagrams. What appears to still be missing in an "off switch". AFAIK there are still no kernel boot time commands to disable eBPF entirely. I have to recompile the kernel to disable it.

   eBPF has the potential for file-less malware to run hidden from detection and I foresee the ability to tickle ring -3 (and -4?) CPU within CPU functions while bypassing local firewalls.

   Here is some example code of what people already know how to do today and this list will grow as people discover more capabilities. [1][2][3][4][5] These do require some privileges to insert but will remain running and hidden until reboot.

   [1] - https://github.com/citronneur/pamspy

   [2] - https://github.com/h3xduck/TripleCross

   [3] - https://github.com/krisnova/boopkit

   [4] - https://github.com/pathtofile/bad-bpf

   [5] - https://doublepulsar.com/bpfdoor-an-active-chinese-global-su...

5. bad-bpf

   4 5 596 2.6 C

   A collection of eBPF programs demonstrating bad behavior, presented at DEF CON 29

   

   This is a good write-up and I like the diagrams. What appears to still be missing in an "off switch". AFAIK there are still no kernel boot time commands to disable eBPF entirely. I have to recompile the kernel to disable it.

   eBPF has the potential for file-less malware to run hidden from detection and I foresee the ability to tickle ring -3 (and -4?) CPU within CPU functions while bypassing local firewalls.

   Here is some example code of what people already know how to do today and this list will grow as people discover more capabilities. [1][2][3][4][5] These do require some privileges to insert but will remain running and hidden until reboot.

   [1] - https://github.com/citronneur/pamspy

   [2] - https://github.com/h3xduck/TripleCross

   [3] - https://github.com/krisnova/boopkit

   [4] - https://github.com/pathtofile/bad-bpf

   [5] - https://doublepulsar.com/bpfdoor-an-active-chinese-global-su...

6. falco

   5 44 7,802 9.5 C++

   Cloud Native Runtime Security

   

7. systemd

   6 562 14,007 10.0 C

   The systemd System and Service Manager

   

   ```

   https://github.com/systemd/systemd/blob/c76691d708ac7fe13b7c...

   Unfortunately, most of the programs loaded by systemd are more-or-less hand-generated (the ingress/egress programs specifically) and do not include this information.

   It's a surprisingly small group of folks who work in this space upstream, but I know that they're aware of this as an opportunity to improve things :)

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