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Start with something simple like Scratch (https://scratch.mit.edu/). This is a simple graphical language that lets kids learn the logic of programming in a graphical game-like way. As my kids outgrew Scratch, I moved them to C and Python. To learn the basics of C, we used an Arduino (https://www.arduino.cc/). Arduino is a basic microcontroller that can be used to build cool gadgets. It lets the kids code while still having a connection to the real world. The book "Programming Arduino" by Monk is a good entry point. The Arduino Project Hub (https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub) and Instructables (https://www.instructables.com/) have many example projects. The Arduino stuff will need some guidance from you, since they are starting from a low level, so I suggest you work along with them, so that you can provide some help. After a few projects, they should understand the basics of functions, types, etc. To learn python, we used "The Modern Python 3 Bootcamp" on Udemy (https://www.udemy.com/course/the-modern-python3-bootcamp/). This class has exercises and quizzes, so it does a good job confirming that the person taking the class understands the material. This is also a good intro class for adults. Once kids have made it this far, the sky is the limit. They will have a very good knowledge of basics and can move into areas that interest them. Since they already know the basics of two languages, they can start developing opinions of what they do and don't like and can learn new languages easier. My son (13) has taken this knowledge to do projects in AI, the unreal gaming engine, and web development. My daughter (10) built an Arduino gadget to determine if our dogs are getting fed too often.
Have you looked at Polars? It's a new dataframe library that has an api that makes a lot more sense than pandas, and on top of that is much, much faster.
The real important thing is making it fun. I have taught kids as young as 6 some aspects of CS. Depending on the particular kid a good place to start is ScratchJr. Often it starts as just playing with colors but then they notice that with some coding logic they can make great stories. This is also available on ipad for kids that have not mastered a mouse.
Deephaven is open source. It's fundamental transport API (https://deephaven.io/barrage/docs/) and JavaScript Web-UI harness (https://github.com/deephaven/web-client-ui) are Apache-licensed; its core engine is source-available, with a single restriction that will have no impact on parties using it for their own interest.
Deephaven has huge range. It is much more than a classic "tick database". At its core, Deephaven is a Java application... and the team has evolved a Python-Java bridge (https://github.com/bcdev/jpy) so most people now use it as a Python-first experience. Apps and analytics are easy to write... as one combines Python (or Java/Groovy) with table operations and other Deephaven-Table-API capabilities... setting up a logical tree where data flows from one node to the next. This style of linear and iterative data-driven (imperative) development is powerful.
You mentioned looking at Kaggle. Did you look at the competitions? Here's the webpage. There are many that are currently going on, and many from the past that you can draw inspiration from (or solve yourself).
Start with something simple like Scratch (https://scratch.mit.edu/). This is a simple graphical language that lets kids learn the logic of programming in a graphical game-like way. As my kids outgrew Scratch, I moved them to C and Python. To learn the basics of C, we used an Arduino (https://www.arduino.cc/). Arduino is a basic microcontroller that can be used to build cool gadgets. It lets the kids code while still having a connection to the real world. The book "Programming Arduino" by Monk is a good entry point. The Arduino Project Hub (https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub) and Instructables (https://www.instructables.com/) have many example projects. The Arduino stuff will need some guidance from you, since they are starting from a low level, so I suggest you work along with them, so that you can provide some help. After a few projects, they should understand the basics of functions, types, etc. To learn python, we used "The Modern Python 3 Bootcamp" on Udemy (https://www.udemy.com/course/the-modern-python3-bootcamp/). This class has exercises and quizzes, so it does a good job confirming that the person taking the class understands the material. This is also a good intro class for adults. Once kids have made it this far, the sky is the limit. They will have a very good knowledge of basics and can move into areas that interest them. Since they already know the basics of two languages, they can start developing opinions of what they do and don't like and can learn new languages easier. My son (13) has taken this knowledge to do projects in AI, the unreal gaming engine, and web development. My daughter (10) built an Arduino gadget to determine if our dogs are getting fed too often.