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but free monads are an effect system and not an ergonomic one. I have a post on how one can do the same with constraints as with Hierarchical Free Monads, except with less boilerplate.
Thirdly, composing arbitrary effects without losing state is really, really difficult. Things are fine when you limit yourself to State and Reader, sure, but once you start with nondeterminism you’ll discover it’s shockingly easy to produce behaviors that are baffling unless you’ve spent a preposterous amount of time thinking about this stuff. (I’ve been bitten in prod by silent state-dropping bugs, and rarely have I been more flummoxed.) Consider this example, which produces silent changes in the semantics of <|> depending on whether you use it inside or outside of a higher-order effect. Every single effect library (besides the still-unreleased eff) gets certain combinations of effects + nondeterminism wrong. You could make the argument that most people don’t use nondeterministic monads, but eDSLs really shine when you have access to them, as you can turn a concrete interpreter to an abstract one fairly easily.
Thirdly, composing arbitrary effects without losing state is really, really difficult. Things are fine when you limit yourself to State and Reader, sure, but once you start with nondeterminism you’ll discover it’s shockingly easy to produce behaviors that are baffling unless you’ve spent a preposterous amount of time thinking about this stuff. (I’ve been bitten in prod by silent state-dropping bugs, and rarely have I been more flummoxed.) Consider this example, which produces silent changes in the semantics of <|> depending on whether you use it inside or outside of a higher-order effect. Every single effect library (besides the still-unreleased eff) gets certain combinations of effects + nondeterminism wrong. You could make the argument that most people don’t use nondeterministic monads, but eDSLs really shine when you have access to them, as you can turn a concrete interpreter to an abstract one fairly easily.