maven-compiler-plugin VS Gradle

The configuration enablePreview exists since version 3.10.1 of the Maven Compiler Plugin. So in general I recommend to use the most recent versions of the plugins otherwise it might happen that some configuration options or alike might not exist at all or special things for newer JDK versions.

Once you have built and debugged your first simple plugin, check out how mainstream/official plugins are built (you can find them on GitHub) and experiment. It really takes a week to get going, maybe less, that's it.

The Maven Compiler Plugin uses JDK 8 and compiles only 3 source files. This is different from the 5 source files compiled in the Java 17 version.

Like, check out how the compiler plugin itself is tested: https://github.com/apache/maven-compiler-plugin/blob/master/pom.xml#L254

Because executing CodeNarc from the command-line is not so simple, I find it easier to use Gradle and its dedicated plugin to execute CodeNarc:

A ("shared") build service is kind of like a singleton, in that when you register one in any project, it's available in all projects as a single instance. (This unfortunately turns out not to be true, in some cases, when using composite builds, but can be worked around.) An actual singleton (global static instance) doesn't work at all, for the record—try it if you want to lose some sanity. Anyway, use a build service whenever you need global mutable state in your build.

When using build tools like Maven or Gradle, you can configure environment variables in the build scripts or configuration files.

For large projects, purpose-made build tools such as Gradle and Maven are preferred for managing the directory structure since they introduce additional semantics for managing test code and other programming languages (among lots of other things). Most IDEs can integrate with these build tools easily. If you're just starting out though, I wouldn't worry too much about these, you can visit them later.

Project Build and Management: Apache Maven 3 (3.9.5), Gradle 8 (8.3)

No wonder this had been raised previously, https://github.com/gradle/gradle/issues/15383

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The details regarding the code compiling would vary from one project to another. For that project, it seems that it uses Gradle (a helper tool) for compiling. Check Gradle's documentation for more information.