karma VS Sass

Run ng test to execute the unit tests via Karma.

This is an example for those using Karma:

Karma

While the default Angular starter includes unit tests, it makes use of the older and clunky Karma/Jasmine combo for unit testing.

If Protractor is replacing Angular Scenario Runner for E2E testing, does that mean I will still be able to use it with Karma as my E2E testing framework ?

They are tools for automated testing of websites/webapps: https://karma-runner.github.io https://www.cypress.io

Run ng test to execute the unit tests via Karma.

iii. Integration Testing -Karma

Karma

SASS(.scss) [ https://sass-lang.com ]

Traditionally CSS lacked features such as variables, nesting, mixins, and functions. This was frustrating for Developers as it often led to CSS quickly becoming complex and cumbersome. In an attempt to make code easier and less repetitive CSS pre-processors were born. You would write CSS in the format the pre-processor understood and, at build time, you'd have some nice CSS. The most common pre-processors these days are Sass, Less, and Stylus. Any examples I give going forward will be about Sass as that's what I'm most familiar with.

CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets, and is a scripting language used to style web pages. SCSS stands for Syntactically Awesome Style Sheet, and is a superset of CSS. You can think of SCSS as the more advanced version of CSS, which comes with several features that CSS does not support, such as the SCSS nested syntax, as shown below.

Scss

In the past, you’d need to rely on pre-processors such as SaSS or Less, but not anymore… Native CSS nesting has landed on all major modern browsers.

Sass is also a css preprocessor. Op is likely confused

sass -> An improvement over CSS. It provides nice features for managing CSS. good for mid-sized or even larger projects.

Sass (Syntactically Awesome Style Sheets) - A CSS preprocessor that simplifies and enhances your CSS workflow. Website: https://sass-lang.com/

Personally, my preference is Sass: I find that the mixins, partials, and operators are hugely useful when it comes to creating re-usable snippets of code for a design system. And, since it’s “just” a pre-processor and not a framework, it’s not opinionated in a design sense and there’s no default values (colors, spacing values, etc.) that will need to be overwritten.

Preprocessors: SSGs leverage preprocessors to streamline the development process. Preprocessors like SASS for CSS or Babel for JavaScript offer additional features and simplify code development.