infracost VS go-sql-driver/mysql

‍Infracost is a cost estimation tool that generates cost estimates for Terraform projects, which is crucial for budget planning and cost optimization, especially in cloud environments where resource costs can vary significantly.

Infracost is a tool that provides cloud cost estimates for infrastructure managed by Terraform. It enables engineers to view and understand the financial impact of their infrastructure changes before they are applied. Infracost integrates directly into the workflow, offering cost breakdowns in various environments like the terminal, Visual Studio Code, or directly within pull requests. This feature allows for more informed decision-making regarding infrastructure modifications, promoting cost-awareness and budget management in the early stages of development. Infracost is particularly useful for teams looking to balance cloud resource utilization with budget constraints. Infracost Cloud is their SaaS product that builds on top of Infracost open source and works with CI/CD integrations. It gives team leads, managers and FinOps practitioners dashboards, guardrails, centralized cost policies and Jira integration so they can help guide the team (e.g. switch AWS GP2 volumes to GP3).

Inevitable end for every open source company since the free money ended. What bothers me is that wording is vague enough.

> HashiCorp considers a competitive offering to be a product or service provided to users or customers outside of your organization that has significant overlap with the capabilities of HashiCorp’s commercial products or services.

So, consider there is no cost estimate service and you built a thing that got popular (https://github.com/infracost/infracost). Then after 2 years Terraform Cloud catches up. What happens? Are you out of business?

I've started to work on Carbonifer, a tool that can estimate carbon emissions before deploying an infrastructure. A bit like infracost, this reads Terraform files and estimates carbon emissions if this plan is applied.

Infracost is an open-source project that helps us understand how and where we’re spending our money. It gives a detailed breakdown of actual infrastructure costs and calculates how changes impact them. Basically, Infracost is a git diff for billing.

Infracost: Estimativas de custos nos Pull Requests.

There is some discussion on the infracost issue tracker where it looks like this specific error is more common with tgenv

Cost:Infracost (estimation): https://github.com/infracost/infracostTerratag (tagging): https://github.com/env0/terratag (disclaimer, I am CEO at env0)

I use https://infracost.io 🤗

IDE: use whatever make you productive. I personally use vscode. VCS: git, as golang communities use github heavily as base for many libraries. AFAIK Linter: use staticcheck for linting as it looks like mostly used linting tool in go, supported by many also. In Vscode it will be recommended once you install go plugin. Libraries/Framework: actually the standard libraries already included many things you need, decent enough for your day-to-day development cycles(e.g. `net/http`). But here are things for extra: - Struct fields validator: validator - Http server lib: chi router , httprouter , fasthttp (for non standard http implementations, but fast) - Web Framework: echo , gin , fiber , beego , etc - Http client lib: most already covered by stdlib(net/http), so you rarely need extra lib for this, but if you really need some are: resty - CLI: cobra - Config: godotenv , viper - DB Drivers: sqlx , postgre , sqlite , mysql - nosql: redis , mongodb , elasticsearch - ORM: gorm , entgo , sqlc(codegen) - JS Transpiler: gopherjs - GUI: fyne - grpc: grpc - logging: zerolog - test: testify , gomock , dockertest - and many others you can find here

I understand that database/db is an abstraction. As to the driver, sorry, it completely went out of my head. The guide primarily focuses on https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql, which is also what I’m interested in.

Authentication method mismatch is not allowed to occur more than once. It is not a part of MySQL protocol. go-sql-driver also has the same rule.

If you are using https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql you need to add parseTime=true to the DSN to be able to use time.Time.

package models import ( "gorm.io/driver/mysql" "gorm.io/gorm" ) var DB *gorm.DB func ConnectDatabase() { // refer https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql#dsn-data-source-name for details dsn := "root:@tcp(127.0.0.1:3309)/fiber-pscale?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local" database, err := gorm.Open(mysql.Open(dsn), &gorm.Config{}) if err != nil { panic("failed to connect database") } // Migrate the users table database.AutoMigrate(&User{}) DB = database }

I've seen this error on line but there is no resolution to this error even when i run go get github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql

I use github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql package to use MySQL. The references are the official README.md, a sample code, the article Masao wrote (in Japanese), and the MariaDB document.

go-sql-driver/mysql 12.1k Stars, Used by 72.4k

> mysql_real_escape_string is still vulnerable when being used with some exotic character sets

Indeed -- mysql_real_escape_string "mostly" fixes this problem by requiring a connection as one of its args, and since it's usually aware of the connection state, it can check that to see if one of those exotic charsets is in-use. But the problem is that there are multiple ways to change the connection charset, some of which the driver is aware of (e.g. in PHP mysqli set_charset) but some it is not (running textual statements like SET NAMES or SET CHARACTER SET).

But generally an attacker won't ever have the ability to set an arbitrary exotic character set for the connection, unless they already have some other sql injection mechanism, in which case it's a moot point :)

Driver documentation also typically mentions this problem. For example, here's the doc for doing client-side param interpolation in the most popular MySQL driver for Golang: https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql#interpolateparams

It also explicitly detects if your initial connection settings attempt to use one of those charsets along with param interpolation, and throws an error if so: https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/blob/21f789cd/dsn.go#...

> Couldn't one just save the extra round-trip with length-prefixed strings by sending the query together with the parameters in a single message?

AFAIK, no, not with the traditional MySQL binary protocol. The newer "X protocol" introduced in MySQL 5.7 does allow this, but it is not widely implemented in drivers.

However, you can use something like this https://github.com/go-reform/reform to help you with, I will call it automating the code writing. But I have always opted to one of the supported drivers and written a queries myself using for example this https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql.