enhancements
runc
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enhancements | runc | |
---|---|---|
58 | 32 | |
3,257 | 11,428 | |
1.6% | 1.4% | |
9.7 | 9.3 | |
1 day ago | about 7 hours ago | |
Go | Go | |
Apache License 2.0 | Apache License 2.0 |
Stars - the number of stars that a project has on GitHub. Growth - month over month growth in stars.
Activity is a relative number indicating how actively a project is being developed. Recent commits have higher weight than older ones.
For example, an activity of 9.0 indicates that a project is amongst the top 10% of the most actively developed projects that we are tracking.
enhancements
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IBM to buy HashiCorp in $6.4B deal
> was always told early on that although they supported vault on kubernetes via a helm chart, they did not recommend using it on anything but EC2 instances (because of "security" which never really made sense their reasoning).
The reasoning is basically that there are some security and isolation guarantees you don't get in Kubernetes that you do get on bare metal or (to a somewhat lesser extent) in VMs.
In particular for Kubernetes, Vault wants to run as a non-root user and set the IPC_LOCK capability when it starts to prevent its memory from being swapped to disk. While in Docker you can directly enable this by adding capabilities when you launch the container, Kubernetes has an issue because of the way it handles non-root container users specified in a pod manifest, detailed in a (long-dormant) KEP: https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/... (tl;dr: Kubernetes runs the container process as root, with the specified capabilities added, but then switches it to the non-root UID, which causes the explicitly-added capabilities to be dropped).
You can work around this by rebuilding the container and setting the capability directly on the binary, but the upstream build of the binary and the one in the container image don't come with that set (because the user should set it at runtime if running the container image directly, and the systemd unit sets it via systemd if running as a systemd service, so there's no need to do that except for working around Kubernetes' ambient-capability issue).
> It always surprised me how these conversations went. "Well we don't really recommend kubernetes so we won't support (feature)."
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Exploring cgroups v2 and MemoryQoS With EKS and Bottlerocket
0 is not the request we've defined. And that makes sense. Memory QoS has been in alpha since Kubernetes 1.22 (August 2021) and according to the KEP data was still in alpha as of 1.27.
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Jenkins Agents On Kubernetes
Note: There's actually a Structured Authentication Config established via KEP-3331. It's in v1.28 as a feature flag gated option and removes the limitation of only having one OIDC provider. I may look into doing an article on it, but for now I'll deal with the issue in a manner that should work even with a bit older versions versions of Kubernetes.
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Isint release cycle becoming a bit crazy with monthly releases and deprecations ?
Kubernetes supports a skew policy of n+2 between API server and kubelet. This means if your CP and DP are both on 1.20, you could upgrade your control plane twice (1.20 -> 1.21 -> 1.22) before you need to upgrade your data plane. And when it comes time to upgrade your data plane you can jump from 1.20 to 1.22 to minimize update churn. In the future, this skew will be opened to n+3 https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/tree/master/keps/sig-architecture/3935-oldest-node-newest-control-plane
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Kubernetes SidecarContainers feature is merged
The KEP (Kubernetes Enhancement Proposal) is linked to in the PR [1]. From the summary:
> Sidecar containers are a new type of containers that start among the Init containers, run through the lifecycle of the Pod and don’t block pod termination. Kubelet makes a best effort to keep them alive and running while other containers are running.
[1] https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/tree/master/keps/...
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What's there in K8s 1.27
This is where the new feature of mutable scheduling directives for jobs comes into play. This feature enables the updating of a job's scheduling directives before it begins. Essentially, it allows custom queue controllers to influence pod placement without needing to directly handle the assignment of pods to nodes themselves. To learn more about this check out the Kubernetes Enhancement Proposal 2926.
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Dependencies between Services
What your asking is a (vanilla) Kubernetes non-goal, others have mentioned fluxcd and other add ons that provide primitives for dependency aware deployments. The problem space is so large, that it's unreasonable to to address these concerns in Kubernetes itself, instead, make it extensible... Look at this KEP for example: https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/issues/753 Sidecar containers have existed, and been named as such since WAY before that KEP's inception, defining what these things should and shouldn't do is largely arbitrary. Aka: your use-case is niche, if you don't like the behavior, use flux or argo, or write something yourself.
- When you learn the Sidecar Container KEP got dropped from the Kubernets release. Again.
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Kubernetes 1.27 will be out next week! - Learn what's new and what's deprecated - Group volume snapshots - Pod resource updates - kubectl subcommands … And more!
If further interested, I may recommend checking out the KEP. I love how they document the decision making, and all these edge cases :).
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How can I force assign an IP to my Load Balancer ingress in “status.loadBalancer”?
See https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/conventions/#subresources and https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/issues/2590
runc
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Nanos – A Unikernel
I can speak to this. Containers, and by extension k8s, break a well known security boundary that has existed for a very long time - whether you are using a real (hardware) server or a virtual machine on the cloud if you pop that instance/server generally speaking you only have access to that server. Yeh, you might find a db config with connection details if you landed on say a web app host but in general you still have to work to start popping the next N servers.
That's not the case when you are running in k8s and the last container breakout was just announced ~1 month ago: https://github.com/opencontainers/runc/security/advisories/G... .
At the end of the day it is simply not a security boundary. It can solve other problems but not security ones.
- Several container breakouts due to internally leaked fds
- Container breakout through process.cwd trickery and leaked fds
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US Cybersecurity: The Urgent Need for Memory Safety in Software Products
It's interesting that, in light of things like this, you still see large software companies adding support for new components written in non-memory safe languages (e.g. C)
As an example Red Hat OpenShift added support for crun(https://github.com/containers/crun) this year(https://cloud.redhat.com/blog/whats-new-in-red-hat-openshift...), which is written in C as an alternative to runc, which is written in Go(https://github.com/opencontainers/runc)...
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Run Firefox on ChromeOS
Rabbit hole indeed. That wasn't related to my job at the time, lol. The job change came with a company-provided computer and that put an end to the tinkering.
BTW, I found my hacks to make runc run on Chromebook: https://github.com/opencontainers/runc/compare/main...gabrys...
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Crun: Fast and lightweight OCI runtime and C library for running containers
being the main author of crun, I can clarify that statement: I am not a fan of Go _for this particular use case_.
Using C instead of Go avoided a bunch of the workarounds that exists in runc to workaround the Go runtime, e.g. https://github.com/opencontainers/runc/blob/main/libcontaine...
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Best virtualization solution with Ubuntu 22.04
runc
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Bringing Memory Safety to sudo and su - with Ferrous Systems and Tweedegolf
Not OP, but if I had to guess, a lot of this can be picked up by just observing common security issues in the Linux space, since similar mistakes and oversights have caused quite a few real-world CVEs in the past, e.g. this random example of a TOCTTOU vulnerability in runc.
- Containers - entre historia y runtimes
- [email protected]+incompatible with ubuntu 22.04 on arm64 ?
What are some alternatives?
kubeconform - A FAST Kubernetes manifests validator, with support for Custom Resources!
crun - A fast and lightweight fully featured OCI runtime and C library for running containers
spark-operator - Kubernetes operator for managing the lifecycle of Apache Spark applications on Kubernetes.
Moby - The Moby Project - a collaborative project for the container ecosystem to assemble container-based systems
kubernetes-json-schema - Schemas for every version of every object in every version of Kubernetes
youki - A container runtime written in Rust
klipper-lb - Embedded service load balancer in Klipper
podman - Podman: A tool for managing OCI containers and pods.
Hey - HTTP load generator, ApacheBench (ab) replacement
containerd - An open and reliable container runtime
connaisseur - An admission controller that integrates Container Image Signature Verification into a Kubernetes cluster
conmon - An OCI container runtime monitor.