cni
sops
cni | sops | |
---|---|---|
13 | 150 | |
5,307 | 15,160 | |
0.6% | 1.3% | |
7.7 | 9.0 | |
11 days ago | 4 days ago | |
Go | Go | |
Apache License 2.0 | Mozilla Public License 2.0 |
Stars - the number of stars that a project has on GitHub. Growth - month over month growth in stars.
Activity is a relative number indicating how actively a project is being developed. Recent commits have higher weight than older ones.
For example, an activity of 9.0 indicates that a project is amongst the top 10% of the most actively developed projects that we are tracking.
cni
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Kubernetes Architecture
The CNI is language-agnostic and there are many different plugins available.
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Creating Kubernetes Cluster With CRI-O
Read more about the architecture of CRI-O here. The networking of the pod is set up through CNI, and CRI-O can be used with any CNI plugin.
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Kubernetes traffic discovery
In generic Kubernetes network policies, there is no action field. The Calico CNI plugin (Kubernetes network plugin that implements the Container Network Interface) provides this functionality, and in particular provides logging even for allowed traffic. And this worked when we tried it in our test clusters and in our own back end.
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Docker Container to get IP by external DHCP
There is a CNI spec: https://github.com/containernetworking/cni/blob/main/SPEC.md which allows for custom network plugins. Thats how AWS/EKS nodes are able to assign VPC routable IPs to containers running on them.
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Minikube now supports rootless podman driver for running Kubernetes
um, they aren't missing anything (but see below). they are k8s.
so if you want to get the genuine original mainline experience you go to the project's github repo, they have releases, and mention that the detailed changelog has links to the binaries. yeey. (https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGEL... .. the client is the kubectl binary, the server has the control plane components the node binaries have the worker node stuff), you then have the option to set those up according to the documentation (generate TLS certs, specify the IP address range for pods (containers), install dependencies like etcd, and a CNI compatible container network layer provider -- if you have setup overlay networking eg. VXLAN or geneve or something fancy with openvswitch's OVN -- then the reference CNI plugin is probably sufficient)
at the end of this process you'll have the REST API (kube-apiserver) up and running and you can start submitting jobs (that will be persisted into etcd, eventually picked up by the scheduler control loop that calculates what should run where and persists it back to etcd, then a control loop on a particular worker will notice that something new is assigned to it, and it'll do the thing, allocate a pod, call CNI to allocate IP, etc.)
of course if you don't want to do all this by hand you can use a distribution that helps you with setup.
microk8s is a low-memory low-IO k8s distro by Canonical (Ubuntu folks) and they run dqlite (distributed sqlite) instead of etcd (to lower I/O and memory requirements), many people don't like it because it uses snaps
k3s is started by Rancher folks (and mostly still developed by them?),
there's k0s (for bare metal ... I have no idea what that means though), kind (kubernetes in docker), there's also k3d (k3s in docker)
these distributions work by consuming/wrapping the k8s components as go libraries - https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/staging...
...
then there's the whole zoo of various k8s plugins/addons/tools for networking (CNI - https://github.com/containernetworking/cni#3rd-party-plugins), storage (CSI - https://kubernetes-csi.github.io/docs/drivers.html), helm for package management, a ton of security-related things that try to spot errors in all this circus ... and so on.
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How to install Weave's Ignite for Firecracker VMs with simple script
#! /usr/bin/bash # Update apt-get repository and install dependencies apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends dmsetup openssh-client git binutils # Install containerd if it's not present -- prevents breaking docker-ce installations which containerd || apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends containerd # Installing CNI # Current version from https://github.com/containernetworking/cni/releases export CNI_VERSION=v1.0.1 ARCH=$([ "$(uname -m)" = "x86_64" ] && echo amd64 || echo arm64) export ARCH sudo mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin curl -sSL "https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/${CNI_VERSION}/cni-plugins-linux-${ARCH}-${CNI_VERSION}.tgz" | sudo tar -xz -C /opt/cni/bin # Installing Ignite # Get the current version from https://github.com/weaveworks/ignite/releases export VERSION=v0.10.0 GOARCH=$(go env GOARCH 2>/dev/null || echo "amd64") export GOARCH for binary in ignite ignited; do echo "Installing ${binary}..." curl -sfLo ${binary} "https://github.com/weaveworks/ignite/releases/download/${VERSION}/${binary}-${GOARCH}" chmod +x ${binary} sudo mv ${binary} /usr/local/bin done # Check if the installation was successful ignite version
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Solving Four Kubernetes Networking Challenges
The Container Network Interface (CNI) includes a specification for writing network plugins to configure network interfaces. This allows you to create overlay networks that satisfy Pod-to-Pod communication requirements.
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k8s-the-hard-way
In this lab you will bootstrap three Kubernetes worker nodes. The following components will be installed on each node: runc, container networking plugins, containerd, kubelet, and kube-proxy.
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Kubernetes Network Policies: A Practitioner's Guide
CNI type plugins follow the Container Network Interface spec and are used by the community to create advanced featured plugins. On the other hand, Kubenet utilizes bridge and host-local CNI plugins and has basic features.
- Release ๐ CNI v1.0.1 ๐ ยท containernetworking/cni
sops
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Pico.sh โ Hacker Labs
My script just sets up default .sops.yaml for https://github.com/getsops/sops
You can further edit .sops.yaml(eg have multiple of them) and decide how you split secrets in your directory tree to further customize who can decrypt the secrets.
It works pretty well for prod/dev splits, etc
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Encrypting your secrets with Mozilla SOPS using two AWS KMS Keys
Mozilla SOPS (Secrets OPerationS) is an open-source command-line tool for managing and storing secrets. It uses secure encryption methods to encrypt secrets at rest and decrypt them at runtime. SOPS supports a variety of key management systems, including AWS KMS, GCP KMS, Azure Key Vault, and PGP. It's particularly useful in a DevOps context where sensitive data like API keys, passwords, or certificates need to be securely managed and seamlessly integrated into application workflows.
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An opinionated template for deploying a single k3s cluster with Ansible backed by Flux, SOPS, GitHub Actions, Renovate, Cilium, Cloudflare and more!
Encrypted secrets thanks to SOPS and Age
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Tracking SQLite Database Changes in Git
We do the exact same thing to keep track of some credentials we use sops[1] and AWS KMS to separate credentials by sensitivity, then use the git differ to view the diffs between the encrypted secrets
Definitely not best practice security-wise, but it works well
[1] https://github.com/getsops/sops
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The Twelve-Factor App
For anyone new to SOPS like I was - https://github.com/getsops/sops
- Storing and managing private keys
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Show HN: Shello โ Wrangle Environment Variables
I've found this is largely solved by strictly separating plain config and secrets, and then having secrets pull from GCP secret manager / vault / whatever.
You can then commit all the config (including the secret identifiers) and it all just works so long as you're authenticated with your secret storage system.
We do this for the live configuration as well in line with Gitops and find it to work well.
If you don't want to use a cloud secret manager you can also use something like https://github.com/getsops/sops to commit the encrypted secrets safely
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Check your secrets into Git [video]
Basically, the simpler the better --just encrypt your secrets and check them in to version control.
We use SOPS[0] for this, and have found it to be pretty nice.
[0]: https://github.com/getsops/sops
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How to secure secrets of docker-compose stacks with git?
The answer is that secrets shouldn't be stored in the git repo at all, but somewhere safe like a password manager or Mozilla's SOPS which people seem to love.
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Is it safe to commit a Terraform file to GitHub?
Unfortunately, the SOPS project is in some sort of a limbo state and there has been quite a long period with limited maintenance and unclear position from Mozilla. Despite the project being accepted into the CNCF, it's still unclear what will happen with it going forward.
What are some alternatives?
CoreDNS - CoreDNS is a DNS server that chains plugins
sealed-secrets - A Kubernetes controller and tool for one-way encrypted Secrets
containerlab - container-based networking labs
Vault - A tool for secrets management, encryption as a service, and privileged access management
cri-api - Container Runtime Interface (CRI) โ a plugin interface which enables kubelet to use a wide variety of container runtimes.
age - A simple, modern and secure encryption tool (and Go library) with small explicit keys, no config options, and UNIX-style composability.
containerd - An open and reliable container runtime
git-crypt - Transparent file encryption in git
k8s-the-hard-way
terraform-provider-sops - A Terraform provider for reading Mozilla sops files
virtual-kubelet - Virtual Kubelet is an open source Kubernetes kubelet implementation.
vault-secrets-operator - Create Kubernetes secrets from Vault for a secure GitOps based workflow.