cni
minikube
cni | minikube | |
---|---|---|
13 | 78 | |
5,307 | 28,361 | |
0.6% | 0.4% | |
7.7 | 10.0 | |
11 days ago | 7 days ago | |
Go | Go | |
Apache License 2.0 | Apache License 2.0 |
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cni
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Kubernetes Architecture
The CNI is language-agnostic and there are many different plugins available.
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Creating Kubernetes Cluster With CRI-O
Read more about the architecture of CRI-O here. The networking of the pod is set up through CNI, and CRI-O can be used with any CNI plugin.
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Kubernetes traffic discovery
In generic Kubernetes network policies, there is no action field. The Calico CNI plugin (Kubernetes network plugin that implements the Container Network Interface) provides this functionality, and in particular provides logging even for allowed traffic. And this worked when we tried it in our test clusters and in our own back end.
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Docker Container to get IP by external DHCP
There is a CNI spec: https://github.com/containernetworking/cni/blob/main/SPEC.md which allows for custom network plugins. Thats how AWS/EKS nodes are able to assign VPC routable IPs to containers running on them.
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Minikube now supports rootless podman driver for running Kubernetes
um, they aren't missing anything (but see below). they are k8s.
so if you want to get the genuine original mainline experience you go to the project's github repo, they have releases, and mention that the detailed changelog has links to the binaries. yeey. (https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGEL... .. the client is the kubectl binary, the server has the control plane components the node binaries have the worker node stuff), you then have the option to set those up according to the documentation (generate TLS certs, specify the IP address range for pods (containers), install dependencies like etcd, and a CNI compatible container network layer provider -- if you have setup overlay networking eg. VXLAN or geneve or something fancy with openvswitch's OVN -- then the reference CNI plugin is probably sufficient)
at the end of this process you'll have the REST API (kube-apiserver) up and running and you can start submitting jobs (that will be persisted into etcd, eventually picked up by the scheduler control loop that calculates what should run where and persists it back to etcd, then a control loop on a particular worker will notice that something new is assigned to it, and it'll do the thing, allocate a pod, call CNI to allocate IP, etc.)
of course if you don't want to do all this by hand you can use a distribution that helps you with setup.
microk8s is a low-memory low-IO k8s distro by Canonical (Ubuntu folks) and they run dqlite (distributed sqlite) instead of etcd (to lower I/O and memory requirements), many people don't like it because it uses snaps
k3s is started by Rancher folks (and mostly still developed by them?),
there's k0s (for bare metal ... I have no idea what that means though), kind (kubernetes in docker), there's also k3d (k3s in docker)
these distributions work by consuming/wrapping the k8s components as go libraries - https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/staging...
...
then there's the whole zoo of various k8s plugins/addons/tools for networking (CNI - https://github.com/containernetworking/cni#3rd-party-plugins), storage (CSI - https://kubernetes-csi.github.io/docs/drivers.html), helm for package management, a ton of security-related things that try to spot errors in all this circus ... and so on.
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How to install Weave's Ignite for Firecracker VMs with simple script
#! /usr/bin/bash # Update apt-get repository and install dependencies apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends dmsetup openssh-client git binutils # Install containerd if it's not present -- prevents breaking docker-ce installations which containerd || apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends containerd # Installing CNI # Current version from https://github.com/containernetworking/cni/releases export CNI_VERSION=v1.0.1 ARCH=$([ "$(uname -m)" = "x86_64" ] && echo amd64 || echo arm64) export ARCH sudo mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin curl -sSL "https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/${CNI_VERSION}/cni-plugins-linux-${ARCH}-${CNI_VERSION}.tgz" | sudo tar -xz -C /opt/cni/bin # Installing Ignite # Get the current version from https://github.com/weaveworks/ignite/releases export VERSION=v0.10.0 GOARCH=$(go env GOARCH 2>/dev/null || echo "amd64") export GOARCH for binary in ignite ignited; do echo "Installing ${binary}..." curl -sfLo ${binary} "https://github.com/weaveworks/ignite/releases/download/${VERSION}/${binary}-${GOARCH}" chmod +x ${binary} sudo mv ${binary} /usr/local/bin done # Check if the installation was successful ignite version
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Solving Four Kubernetes Networking Challenges
The Container Network Interface (CNI) includes a specification for writing network plugins to configure network interfaces. This allows you to create overlay networks that satisfy Pod-to-Pod communication requirements.
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k8s-the-hard-way
In this lab you will bootstrap three Kubernetes worker nodes. The following components will be installed on each node: runc, container networking plugins, containerd, kubelet, and kube-proxy.
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Kubernetes Network Policies: A Practitioner's Guide
CNI type plugins follow the Container Network Interface spec and are used by the community to create advanced featured plugins. On the other hand, Kubenet utilizes bridge and host-local CNI plugins and has basic features.
- Release ๐ CNI v1.0.1 ๐ ยท containernetworking/cni
minikube
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Building Llama as a Service (LaaS)
With the containerized Node.js/Express API, I could run multiple containers, scaling to handle more traffic. Using a tool called minikube, we can easily spin up a local Kubernetes cluster to horizontally scale Docker containers. It was possible to keep one shared instance of the database, and many APIs were routed with an internal Kubernetes load balancer.
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Can I scale my dockerized Flask solution with Kubernetes?
Install Minicube - a tool that allows us to spin up a Kubernetes cluster in a local machine Run minikube start to start your Kubernetes cluster Run minikube dashboard to spin up a web-based user interface that allows you to manage your Kubernetes cluster
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K3s โ Lightweight Kubernetes
If you're just messing around, just use kind (https://kind.sigs.k8s.io) or minikube if you want VMs (https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io). Both work on ARM-based platforms.
You can also use k3s; it's hella easy to get started with and it works great.
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Developerโs Guide to Building Kubernetes Cloud Apps โ๏ธ๐
$ minikube addons enable dashboard ๐ก dashboard is an addon maintained by Kubernetes. For any concerns contact minikube on GitHub. You can view the list of minikube maintainers at: https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/blob/master/OWNERS โช Using image docker.io/kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.7.0 โช Using image docker.io/kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.8 ๐ The 'dashboard' addon is enabled $ minikube addons enable metrics-server ๐ก metrics-server is an addon maintained by Kubernetes. For any concerns contact minikube on GitHub. You can view the list of minikube maintainers at: https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/blob/master/OWNERS โช Using image registry.k8s.io/metrics-server/metrics-server:v0.6.4 ๐ The 'metrics-server' addon is enabled $ minikube addons enable ingress ๐ก ingress is an addon maintained by Kubernetes. For any concerns contact minikube on GitHub. You can view the list of minikube maintainers at: https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/blob/master/OWNERS ๐ก After the addon is enabled, please run "minikube tunnel" and your ingress resources would be available at "127.0.0.1" โช Using image registry.k8s.io/ingress-nginx/kube-webhook-certgen:v20230407 โช Using image registry.k8s.io/ingress-nginx/controller:v1.8.1 โช Using image registry.k8s.io/ingress-nginx/kube-webhook-certgen:v20230407 ๐ Verifying ingress addon... ๐ The 'ingress' addon is enabled
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Implementing TLS in Kubernetes
A Kubernetes distribution: You need to install a Kubernetes distribution to create the Kubernetes cluster and other necessary resources, such as deployments and services. This tutorial uses kind (v0.18.0), but you can use any other Kubernetes distribution, including minikube or K3s.
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Sites you should know: Part One
3.Minikube ( https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io ):
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Cannot stop 10 containers after Kubernetes minikube tutorial
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES7523fd2c20c7 gcr.io/google\_containers/k8s-dns-sidecar-amd64 "/sidecar --v=2 --..." 18 hours ago Up 18 hours k8s\_sidecar\_kube-dns-86f6f55dd5-qwc6z\_kube-system\_c1333ffc-e4d6-11e7-bccf-0021ccbf0996\_09bd438011406 gcr.io/google\_containers/k8s-dns-dnsmasq-nanny-amd64 "/dnsmasq-nanny -v..." 18 hours ago Up 18 hours k8s\_dnsmasq\_kube-dns-86f6f55dd5-qwc6z\_kube-system\_c1333ffc-e4d6-11e7-bccf-0021ccbf0996\_05c35e00a5a27 gcr.io/google\_containers/k8s-dns-kube-dns-amd64 "/kube-dns --domai..." 18 hours ago Up 18 hours k8s\_kubedns\_kube-dns-86f6f55dd5-qwc6z\_kube-system\_c1333ffc-e4d6-11e7-bccf-0021ccbf0996\_077ef463642b7 gcr.io/google\_containers/pause-amd64:3.0 "/pause" 18 hours ago Up 18 hours k8s\_POD\_kube-dns-86f6f55dd5-qwc6z\_kube-system\_c1333ffc-e4d6-11e7-bccf-0021ccbf0996\_039f618666205 gcr.io/google\_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64 "/dashboard --inse..." 18 hours ago Up 18 hours k8s\_kubernetes-dashboard\_kubernetes-dashboard-vgpjl\_kube-system\_c1176a44-e4d6-11e7-bccf-0021ccbf0996\_0023b7b554a8c gcr.io/google\_containers/pause-amd64:3.0 "/pause" 18 hours ago Up 18 hours k8s\_POD\_kubernetes-dashboard-vgpjl\_kube-system\_c1176a44-e4d6-11e7-bccf-0021ccbf0996\_01c3bdb7bdeb1 gcr.io/google-containers/kube-addon-manager "/opt/kube-addons.sh" 18 hours ago Up 18 hours k8s\_kube-addon-manager\_kube-addon-manager-tpad\_kube-system\_7b19c3ba446df5355649563d32723e4f\_08a00feefa754 gcr.io/google\_containers/pause-amd64:3.0 "/pause" 18 hours ago Up 18 hours k8s\_POD\_kube-addon-manager-tpad\_kube-system\_7b19c3ba446df5355649563d32723e4f\_0b657eab5f6f5 gcr.io/k8s-minikube/storage-provisioner "/storage-provisioner" 18 hours ago Up 18 hours k8s\_storage-provisioner\_storage-provisioner\_kube-system\_c0a8b187-e4d6-11e7-bccf-0021ccbf0996\_067be5cc1dd0d gcr.io/google\_containers/pause-amd64:3.0 "/pause" 18 hours ago Up 18 hours k8s\_POD\_storage-provisioner\_kube-system\_c0a8b187-e4d6-11e7-bccf-0021ccbf0996\_0 I just did the Kubernetes minikube tutorial at https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube, and I cannot stop or remove these containers, they always get recreated.
- DNS issue of Alpine/musl solved?
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DevOps experience without Kubernetes
https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube for local learning that's lightweight.
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x509: certificate signed by unknown authority
Havenโt dabbled with minikube yet, but thereโs a whole thread about this error here: https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/issues/9798
What are some alternatives?
CoreDNS - CoreDNS is a DNS server that chains plugins
colima - Container runtimes on macOS (and Linux) with minimal setup
containerlab - container-based networking labs
lima - Linux virtual machines, with a focus on running containers
cri-api - Container Runtime Interface (CRI) โ a plugin interface which enables kubelet to use a wide variety of container runtimes.
kind - Kubernetes IN Docker - local clusters for testing Kubernetes
containerd - An open and reliable container runtime
kubespray - Deploy a Production Ready Kubernetes Cluster
k8s-the-hard-way
k9s - ๐ถ Kubernetes CLI To Manage Your Clusters In Style!
virtual-kubelet - Virtual Kubelet is an open source Kubernetes kubelet implementation.
helm - The Kubernetes Package Manager