cligen
docopt
cligen | docopt | |
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32 | 29 | |
489 | 7,892 | |
- | -0.0% | |
8.4 | 2.5 | |
26 days ago | about 1 month ago | |
Nim | Python | |
ISC License | MIT License |
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cligen
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CLI user experience case study
There is also generating the whole thing from a function signature (e.g. https://github.com/c-blake/cligen ) since then CLauthors need not learn a new spec language, but then CLauthors must add back in helpful usage metadata/semantics and still need to learn a library API (but I like how those two things can be "gradual"). It's a hard space in which to find perfection, but I wish you luck in your attempt!
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Things I've learned about building CLI tools in Python
cligen also allows End-CL-users to adjust colorization of --help output like https://github.com/c-blake/cligen/blob/master/screenshots/di... using something like https://github.com/c-blake/cligen/wiki/Dark-BG-Config-File
Last I knew, the argparse backing most Py CLI solutions did not support such easier (for many) to read help text, but the PyUniverse is too vast to be sure without much related work searching.
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Removing Garbage Collection from the Rust Language (2013)
20 milliseconds? On my 7 year old Linux box, this little Nim program https://github.com/c-blake/bu/blob/main/wsz.nim runs to completion in 275 microseconds when fully statically linked with musl libc on Linux. That's with a stripped environment (with `env -i`). It takes more like 318 microseconds with my usual 54 environment variables. The program only does about 17 system calls, though.
Additionally, https://github.com/c-blake/cligen makes decent CLI tools a real breeze. If you like some of Go's qualities but the language seems too limited, you might like Nim: https://nim-lang.org. I generally find getting good performance much less of a challenge with Nim, but Nim is undeniably less well known with a smaller ecosystem and less corporate backing.
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Writing Small CLI Programs in Common Lisp (2021)
If you find this article interesting and are curious about Nim then you would probably also be curious about https://github.com/c-blake/cligen
That allows adding just 1-line to a module to add a pretty complete CLI and then a string per parameter to properly document options (assuming an existing API using keyword arguments).
It's also not hard to compile & link a static ELF binary with Nim.. I do it with MUSL libc on Linux all the time. I just toss into my ~/.config/nim/nim.cfg:
@if musl: # make nim c -d:musl .. foo static-link `foo` with musl
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GNU Parallel, where have you been all my life?
Sure. No problem.
Even Windows has popen these days. There are some tiny popenr/popenw wrappers in https://github.com/c-blake/cligen/blob/master/cligen/osUt.ni...
Depending upon how balanced work is on either side of the pipe, you usually can even get parallel speed-up on multicore with almost no work. For example, there is no need to use quote-escaped CSV parsing libraries when you just read from a popen()d translator program producing an easier format: https://github.com/c-blake/nio/blob/main/utils/c2tsv.nim
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The Bipolar Lisp Programmer
Nim is terse yet general and can be made even more so with effort. E.g., You can gin up a little framework that is even more terse than awk yet statically typed and trivially convertible to run much faster like https://github.com/c-blake/bu/blob/main/doc/rp.md
You can statically introspect code to then generate related/translated ASTs to create nearly frictionless helper facilities like https://github.com/c-blake/cligen .
You can do all of this without any real run-time speed sacrifices, depending upon the level of effort you put in / your expertise. Since it generates C/C++ or Javascript you get all the abilities of backend compilers almost out of the box, like profile-guided-optimization or for JS JIT compilation.
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Ask HN: Why did Nim not catch-on like wild fire as Rust did?
It's more that those tools were what come to mind when I specifically think of my exposure to the existence of rust. Its perhaps not that the tools were there, but that they were well known (and known for being written in rust).
Anecdatapoint - I've never heard of literally a single one of the utilities listed on the bu page.
Regarding cligen, right from the start clap wins on producing idiomatic output. Compare: https://github.com/c-blake/cligen#cligen-a-native-api-inferr...
Usage:
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Newbie looking at nim
cool example would be this which is a CLI generation library. It lets you describe command line interfacs simply using function signatures
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Zig and Rust
>Does nim have anything as polished and performant as clap and serde?
"Polished" and "high quality" are more subjective/implicitly about adoption, IMO. "Performant" has many dimensions. I just tested the Nim https://github.com/c-blake/cligen vs clap: cligen used 5X less object file space (with all size optimization tweaks enabled in both), 20% less run-time memory for large argument lists, and the same run-time per argument (with march=native equivalents on both, within statistical noise). cligen has many features - "did you mean?/suggestions", color generated help and all that - I do not see obvious feature in clap docs missing in cligen. The Nim binary serde showing is unlikely as good but there are like 10 JSON packages and that seems maybe your primary concern.
More to add color your point than disagree (and follow up on my "adoption") - your ideas about polish, quality, docs, etc. are part of feedback loop(s) you mentioned. More users => Users complain (What is confusing? What is missing? etc.) => things get fixed/cleaned up/improved => More users. Besides "performant" being multi-dimensional, the feedback loop is more of a "cyclic graph". :-) While I probably prefer Nim as much or more as @netbioserror, I am not too shocked by the mindshare capture. It seems to happen every 5..10 years or so in prog.langs.
While many of your points are not invalid, tech is also a highly hype-driven & fad-driven realm. In my experience, the more experience with this meta-feature that someone has, the more skeptical they are of the latest thing (more rounds of regret, etc.). Also, that feedback graph is not a pure good. Things can get too popular too quickly with near permanent consequences. ipv4 got popular so quickly that we are still mostly stuck on it 40 years later as ipv6 struggles for penetration. Whatever your favorite PL is, it may also grow features too fast.
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Self Hosted SaaS Alternatives
You are welcome. Thanks are too rarely offered. :-)
You may also be interested in word stemming ( such as used by snowball stemmer in https://github.com/c-blake/nimsearch ) or other NLP techniques, but I don't know how internationalized/multi-lingual that stuff is, but conceptually you might want "series of stemmed words" to be the content fragments of interest.
Similarity scores have many applications. Weights on graph of cancelled downloads ranked by size might be one. :)
Of course, for your specific "truncation" problem, you might also be able to just do an edit distance against the much smaller filenames and compare data prefixes in files or use a SHA256 of a content-based first slice. ( There are edit distance algos in Nim in https://github.com/c-blake/cligen/blob/master/cligen/textUt.... as well as in https://github.com/c-blake/suggest ).
Or, you could do a little program like ndup/sh/ndup to create a "mirrored file tree" of such content-based slices then you could use any true duplicate-file finder (like https://github.com/c-blake/bu/blob/main/dups.nim) on the little signature system to identify duplicates and go from path suffixes in those clusters back to the main filesystem. Of course, a single KV store within one or two files would be more efficient than thousands of tiny files. There are many possibilities.
docopt
- Docopt: Command-line interface description language
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Building a Command Line Tool with PHP and Symfony Console
Symfony Console closely follows the well-established docopt conventions. Docopt, based on longstanding conventions from help messages and man pages, ensures a consistent and intuitive interface for describing a program's interface. Symfony Console's adherence to docopt conventions guarantees that your command line tools maintain a standardized and predictable user experience, simplifying development and user interaction.
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CLI user experience case study
You probably already know, but just in case you don't, you might read about http://docopt.org/ It seems to me a lot of your usage ideas could be refinements of / tooling around docopt-style interfaces.
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Gooey: Turn almost any Python command line program into a full GUI application
http://docopt.org/
Not quite what you asked for, but close: type example invocations to generate the CLI, and just pull the arguments from a dictionary at runtime.
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Things I've learned about building CLI tools in Python
I've been using docopt to handle CLI arguments for years now.
http://docopt.org/
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What's up, Python? The GIL removed, a new compiler, optparse deprecated
If you aren't averse to using a third party package, on my personal projects I always found https://github.com/docopt/docopt to be nice.
You can kill 2 birds with one stone by documenting your scripts while also providing the argument structure / parsing.
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adaszko/complgen: Generate {bash,fish,zsh} completions from a single EBNF-like grammar
As for the implementation differences, complgen uses a trivial DSL that’s everybody is already familiar with more or less because it’s a slightly more rigorous version of what tools usually spit out when you do command --help (projects like docopt even use that for command line arguments parsing). Those happen to be regular languages and therefore can be represented as a Deterministic Finite Automata. complgen compiles the grammars to DFAs, minimizes the DFA and spits out shell-specific shell completions scripts that simply walk the DFA to match and complete the current input.
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[Media] shrs: a shell that is configurable and extensible in rust
The current completion system has a list of rules of which completions to use at which time. It's purposely simple to make it as flexible as possible. The current things I'm planning is a derive macro like what clap has to generate these rules. I'm also considering introducing a plugin that let's you write rules in the format of docopt
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Docopt.sh – Command-Line Argument Parser for Bash 3.2, 4, and 5
For anyone unfamiliar, docopt is an established standard for specifying arguments in a script’s doc string. I use it for Python and it’s lovely. You’re going to write a docstring with examples anyway, why not make them functional?
http://docopt.org/
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I am sick of writing argparse boilerplate code, so I made "duckargs" to do it for me
I like http://docopt.org/ a lot. You seem like someone who might have opinions on that.
What are some alternatives?
httpbeast - A highly performant, multi-threaded HTTP 1.1 server written in Nim.
click - Python composable command line interface toolkit
bioawk - BWK awk modified for biological data
Python Fire - Python Fire is a library for automatically generating command line interfaces (CLIs) from absolutely any Python object.
nimforum - Lightweight alternative to Discourse written in Nim
typer - Typer, build great CLIs. Easy to code. Based on Python type hints.
loggedfs - LoggedFS - Filesystem monitoring with Fuse
Gooey - Turn (almost) any Python command line program into a full GUI application with one line
lobster - The Lobster Programming Language
cement - Application Framework for Python
walkdir - Rust library for walking directories recursively.
Argh - An argparse wrapper that doesn't make you say "argh" each time you deal with it.