cfn_nag
enhancements
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cfn_nag | enhancements | |
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14 | 58 | |
1,219 | 3,255 | |
0.5% | 1.5% | |
0.0 | 9.8 | |
8 months ago | 7 days ago | |
Ruby | Go | |
MIT License | Apache License 2.0 |
Stars - the number of stars that a project has on GitHub. Growth - month over month growth in stars.
Activity is a relative number indicating how actively a project is being developed. Recent commits have higher weight than older ones.
For example, an activity of 9.0 indicates that a project is amongst the top 10% of the most actively developed projects that we are tracking.
cfn_nag
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Setting up my own landing zone on AWS
.pre-commit-config.yaml – contains the cfn-lint and cfn_nag pre-commit hooks.
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Guide to Serverless & Lambda Testing — Part 2 — Testing Pyramid
For generic CloudFormation templates, check CFN-NAG.
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AWS Serverless Production Readiness Checklist
If you use CDK, you should implement CDK nag; otherwise, use cfn-nag.
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Make your life easier using Makefiles
cfn_nag
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Creating a Multi-Account CI/CD Pipeline with AWS CodePipeline
CodeBuild will run a linting check against the CloudFormation Template using cfn-lint and will then run cfn-nag to check for patterns that indicate insecure resources within the CloudFormation template.
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App with self-contained infrastructure on AWS
Security checks for the Cloudformation stack using cfn-nag
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Mastering AWS CDK Aspects
cdk-nag contains several Aspects to check your applications for best practices. It is especially useful if you need to be HIPAA-compliant or have other compliance requirements. It is inspired by cfn_nag which is a a tool checking for patterns in your CloudFormation templates.
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how did you get good at iac-cloudformation
cfn-lint and cfn_nag or other tools of that nature to check as you write so you don't need to continually try to deploy only to find that you've done something dumb.
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Source Control your AWS CloudFormation templates with GitHub
There is another tool called cfn_nag that can check your code for potentially any insecure infrastructure. When you read the documentation around this tool, the author says it can check for things such as:
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Install cfn_nag on Windows
I recently wanted to use the cfn-nag tool on some templates I was writing but couldn't find any instructions to install on Windows, but I have found a way to do it.
enhancements
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IBM to buy HashiCorp in $6.4B deal
> was always told early on that although they supported vault on kubernetes via a helm chart, they did not recommend using it on anything but EC2 instances (because of "security" which never really made sense their reasoning).
The reasoning is basically that there are some security and isolation guarantees you don't get in Kubernetes that you do get on bare metal or (to a somewhat lesser extent) in VMs.
In particular for Kubernetes, Vault wants to run as a non-root user and set the IPC_LOCK capability when it starts to prevent its memory from being swapped to disk. While in Docker you can directly enable this by adding capabilities when you launch the container, Kubernetes has an issue because of the way it handles non-root container users specified in a pod manifest, detailed in a (long-dormant) KEP: https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/... (tl;dr: Kubernetes runs the container process as root, with the specified capabilities added, but then switches it to the non-root UID, which causes the explicitly-added capabilities to be dropped).
You can work around this by rebuilding the container and setting the capability directly on the binary, but the upstream build of the binary and the one in the container image don't come with that set (because the user should set it at runtime if running the container image directly, and the systemd unit sets it via systemd if running as a systemd service, so there's no need to do that except for working around Kubernetes' ambient-capability issue).
> It always surprised me how these conversations went. "Well we don't really recommend kubernetes so we won't support (feature)."
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Exploring cgroups v2 and MemoryQoS With EKS and Bottlerocket
0 is not the request we've defined. And that makes sense. Memory QoS has been in alpha since Kubernetes 1.22 (August 2021) and according to the KEP data was still in alpha as of 1.27.
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Jenkins Agents On Kubernetes
Note: There's actually a Structured Authentication Config established via KEP-3331. It's in v1.28 as a feature flag gated option and removes the limitation of only having one OIDC provider. I may look into doing an article on it, but for now I'll deal with the issue in a manner that should work even with a bit older versions versions of Kubernetes.
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Isint release cycle becoming a bit crazy with monthly releases and deprecations ?
Kubernetes supports a skew policy of n+2 between API server and kubelet. This means if your CP and DP are both on 1.20, you could upgrade your control plane twice (1.20 -> 1.21 -> 1.22) before you need to upgrade your data plane. And when it comes time to upgrade your data plane you can jump from 1.20 to 1.22 to minimize update churn. In the future, this skew will be opened to n+3 https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/tree/master/keps/sig-architecture/3935-oldest-node-newest-control-plane
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Kubernetes SidecarContainers feature is merged
The KEP (Kubernetes Enhancement Proposal) is linked to in the PR [1]. From the summary:
> Sidecar containers are a new type of containers that start among the Init containers, run through the lifecycle of the Pod and don’t block pod termination. Kubelet makes a best effort to keep them alive and running while other containers are running.
[1] https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/tree/master/keps/...
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What's there in K8s 1.27
This is where the new feature of mutable scheduling directives for jobs comes into play. This feature enables the updating of a job's scheduling directives before it begins. Essentially, it allows custom queue controllers to influence pod placement without needing to directly handle the assignment of pods to nodes themselves. To learn more about this check out the Kubernetes Enhancement Proposal 2926.
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Dependencies between Services
What your asking is a (vanilla) Kubernetes non-goal, others have mentioned fluxcd and other add ons that provide primitives for dependency aware deployments. The problem space is so large, that it's unreasonable to to address these concerns in Kubernetes itself, instead, make it extensible... Look at this KEP for example: https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/issues/753 Sidecar containers have existed, and been named as such since WAY before that KEP's inception, defining what these things should and shouldn't do is largely arbitrary. Aka: your use-case is niche, if you don't like the behavior, use flux or argo, or write something yourself.
- When you learn the Sidecar Container KEP got dropped from the Kubernets release. Again.
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Kubernetes 1.27 will be out next week! - Learn what's new and what's deprecated - Group volume snapshots - Pod resource updates - kubectl subcommands … And more!
If further interested, I may recommend checking out the KEP. I love how they document the decision making, and all these edge cases :).
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How can I force assign an IP to my Load Balancer ingress in “status.loadBalancer”?
See https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/conventions/#subresources and https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/issues/2590
What are some alternatives?
checkov - Prevent cloud misconfigurations and find vulnerabilities during build-time in infrastructure as code, container images and open source packages with Checkov by Bridgecrew.
kubeconform - A FAST Kubernetes manifests validator, with support for Custom Resources!
cfn-python-lint - CloudFormation Linter
spark-operator - Kubernetes operator for managing the lifecycle of Apache Spark applications on Kubernetes.
SonarQube - Continuous Inspection
kubernetes-json-schema - Schemas for every version of every object in every version of Kubernetes
aws-secure-environment-accelerator - The AWS Secure Environment Accelerator is a tool designed to help deploy and operate secure multi-account, multi-region AWS environments on an ongoing basis. The power of the solution is the configuration file which enables the completely automated deployment of customizable architectures within AWS without changing a single line of code.
klipper-lb - Embedded service load balancer in Klipper
vscode-cloudformation-snippets - This extension adds snippets for all the AWS CloudFormation resources into Visual Studio Code.
Hey - HTTP load generator, ApacheBench (ab) replacement
tfsec - Security scanner for your Terraform code
connaisseur - An admission controller that integrates Container Image Signature Verification into a Kubernetes cluster