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c4 | Befunge | |
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11 | 5 | |
9,212 | 18 | |
- | - | |
0.0 | 3.5 | |
4 months ago | 7 months ago | |
C | JavaScript | |
GNU General Public License v3.0 only | - |
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c4
- A tiny hand crafted CPU emulator, C compiler, and Operating System
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Running the "Reflections on Trusting Trust" Compiler
The C4 compiler [https://github.com/rswier/c4] is a self-hosting compiler for a subset of the C programming language that produces executable x86 code. You can understand and audit this code in a couple of hours (its 528 lines).
It could be an interesting exercise to bootstrap up from something like this to a working linux environment based solely on source code compilation : no binary inputs. Of course a full linux environment has way too much source code for one person or team to audit, but at least it rules out RoTT style binary compiler contamination.
- C4: C in Four Functions
- AoikC4x86Study: Line-by-line comments to c4.c and c4x86.c files
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Flattening ASTs (and Other Compiler Data Structures)
I was surprised to see nodes still have two pointers ("references") given that you now know that that the first pointer will always point exactly to the next node. I've see https://github.com/rswier/c4 use that. Granted it doesn't make for the most readable code, but it's even smaller and faster.
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vermin_vm: Virtual Machine(~400 lines) + Assembler(~800 lines) written in C
VMs with simple instruction sets is a fun topic. Some years ago I got inspired by the amazing rswier/c4 compiler by Robert Swierczek and explored the smallest instruction set I could get away with to create VMs that could run non-trivial workloads.
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Hand-optimizing the TCC code generator
C4 comes to mind (C in 4 functions), https://github.com/rswier/c4.
have you considered adding a backend for LLVM? perhaps a bit heavyweight, but it could be a good way to get C/C++, fortran, rust, etc. if that's something you'd like!
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Some people of the Linux Community in a nutshell
I use Alpine Linux (no GNU bloat btw), dwm (Sucks less!), and I edit all my C (no bloat language) through busybox ed and compile my programs with (c4)[https://github.com/rswier/c4]
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which programming language was used to make c++ compiler?
Keep in mind you can create a "usable" C compiler by yourself, and is doable in surprisingly low amount of code. Try https://github.com/rswier/c4/blob/master/c4.c
- What is the simplest self-compiling subset of C?
Befunge
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The Rust Performance Book
1. C compilers don't do a good job, & thus even CPython, which has historically stuck to rather vanilla C, uses computed goto, as described in https://eli.thegreenplace.net/2012/07/12/computed-goto-for-e...
I resorted to similar techniques in optimizing Befunge: https://github.com/serprex/Befunge (See bejit.c & marsh.c/marsh.h)
2. Rust enums are not variable sized, think of them as tagged C unions, where the Rust compiler can sometimes apply tricks to make Option> the same size as Vec
3. match can specialize for straight forward cases, when in doubt use https://godbolt.org
- Ask HN: Recommendation for general purpose JIT compiler
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Why asynchronous Rust doesn't work
I've found async to be straight forward anytime I've used it. Promise#then is equivalent to callbacks
async/await often requires very little changes compared to synchronous code, whereas reworking a program into callbacks is much more impactful. & the async/await compilation process tends to produce better performance in addition to this. My first async/await work was a few years ago to increase a data importer's performance by an order of magnitude compared to the blocking code
Here's an example where looping made for a callback that recursively called, using async/await I get to use a plain loop:
before: https://github.com/serprex/Befunge/blob/946ea0024c4d87a1b75d...
after: https://github.com/serprex/Befunge/blob/9677ddddb7a26b7a17dd...
I don't see why people find it so complicated to separate begin-compute & wait-on-compute
I've since rewritten a nodejs game server into rust, https://github.com/serprex/openEtG/tree/master/src/rs/server... handleget/handlews are quite straight forward
- Python interpreter written in rust reaches 10000 commits
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Compilers Are Hard
You'll also find them used in CPython's ceval.c
I use them in both my C befunge implementations:
https://github.com/serprex/Befunge/blob/c97c8e63a4eb262f3a60...
https://github.com/serprex/Befunge/blob/c97c8e63a4eb262f3a60...
What are some alternatives?
stage0 - A set of minimal dependency bootstrap binaries
openEtG
bcompiler - Mirror of http://www.rano.org/bcompiler.tar.gz, with a bootstrap script
Rustler - Safe Rust bridge for creating Erlang NIF functions
qbe-rs - QBE IR in natural Rust data structures
libcperciva - BSD-licensed C99/POSIX library code shared between tarsnap, scrypt, kivaloo, spiped, and bsdiff.
ubpf - Userspace eBPF VM
fpga_craft - A voxel game/Minecraft clone for the iCE40 UP5K FPGA
rune - An embeddable dynamic programming language for Rust.
packedjson - packedjson is an alternative Nim implementation for JSON. The JSON is essentially kept as a single string in order to save memory over a more traditional tree representation.
minivm - A VM That is Dynamic and Fast