amazon-eks-ami
gatekeeper
amazon-eks-ami | gatekeeper | |
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19 | 22 | |
2,351 | 3,471 | |
0.8% | 1.4% | |
9.2 | 9.3 | |
4 days ago | 7 days ago | |
Shell | Go | |
MIT No Attribution | Apache License 2.0 |
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For example, an activity of 9.0 indicates that a project is amongst the top 10% of the most actively developed projects that we are tracking.
amazon-eks-ami
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[Request for opinion] : CPU limits in the K8s world
Careful assuming system reserved will be present. Last I checked, AWS EKS does not have system reserved resources for the kubelet by default and as a result, pods can starve those for resources (e.g., https://github.com/awslabs/amazon-eks-ami/issues/79). This is of course more important for memory, but could impact CPU as well.
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Compile Linux Kernel 6.x on AL2? 😎
For example, this is available for AL2: https://github.com/awslabs/amazon-eks-ami
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Hands-on lab for studying the EKS, which scenarios I should learn?
I found this document that lists the pod limits per node size. I suspect you will want to consider larger worker nodes or you will very quickly be unable to schedule additional workloads.
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k3s on AWS,does it make sense?
source
- EKS Worker Nodes on RHEL 8?
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Five Rookie Mistakes with Kubernetes on AWS. Which were yours?
Issue 1 is a known issue due to memory reservation being to low, see e.g. https://github.com/awslabs/amazon-eks-ami/issues/1145
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EKS: Shoudnt nodes autoscaling group take pods limit into consideration?
No, the new node is added if there are not enough resiurces to start a new pod. So if you have many pods with small resource usage you can hit the pod per node limit, on eks you have a max number of pods depending on the instance type - https://github.com/awslabs/amazon-eks-ami/blob/master/files/eni-max-pods.txt You can incerase that limit : https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/cni-increase-ip-addresses.html
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Blog: KWOK: Kubernetes WithOut Kubelet
# of pods are essentially capped by the worker node choice.
below excerpt from: https://github.com/awslabs/amazon-eks-ami/blob/master/files/...
# Mapping is calculated from AWS EC2 API using the following formula:
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Tips on working with EKS
See also: EKS nodes lose readiness when containers exhaust memory
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Best managed kubernetes platform
So it manifests itself in this way: your pod is scheduled but remains pending forever. You check the logs and you see that it's complaining that the an IP address. Ultimately, if you check here, you see the maximum number of pods that can be scheduled on any underlying ec2 instance, even if you have remaining IPs in your subnet. I found this to be one of the most poorly understood phenomena in EKS. Even those who claimed to "crack" it and wrote fancy blog posts about it fundamentally got it wrong. AFAIK this document reflects the official AWS guide on how to mitigate this.
gatekeeper
- Shrink to Secure: Kubernetes and Secure Compact Containers
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Long, detailed post mortem on a reddit failed k8s upgrade
When the Gatekeeper validatingwebhook came up, I was really worried that'd be the issue! Regardless I'd recommend anyone who cares about their cluster not collapsing to change the gatekeeper webhook to only intercept resources you care about: https://github.com/open-policy-agent/gatekeeper/pull/1806
- Is OPA Gatekeeper the best solution for writing policies for k8s clusters?
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Implement DevSecOps to Secure your CI/CD pipeline
Kyverno adds an extra layer of security where only the allowed type of manifest is deployed onto kubernetes, otherwise, it will reject or we can set validationFailureAction to audit which only logs the policy violation message for reporting. Kubewarden and Gatekeeper are alternative tools available to enforce policies on Kubernetes CRD.
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Gatekeeper with Istio
Now, we have the hardest part resolved and let's turn our attention to the OPA Gatekeeper. Gatekeeper uses the OPA Constraint Framework to describe and enforce policy. Right now there are mainly 3 parts we should pay attention:
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10 Essentials For Kubernetes Multi-Tenancy
They enable you to establish the policies and regulations that govern cluster deployments and applications. Using predefined policies, policy engines can dynamically modify or create configurations. Policy engines such as Gatekeeper and Kyverno can be leveraged to meet legal and compliance requirements while maintaining operational flexibility and development speed.
- Gatekeeper - Policy Controller for Kubernetes
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Kubernetes for Startups: Practical Considerations for Your App
Setup policy around what resource requirements can be requested by an app per environment. OPA and gatekeeper or kyverno can help. Setup access control for who can create or modify apps.
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Kubernetes policy management: I - Introduction
OPA Gatekeeper is an open source, general purpose policy engine. OPA decouples policy decisions from other responsibilities of an application, like those commonly referred to as business logic. OPA works equally well making decisions for Kubernetes, Microservices, functional application authorization and more, thanks to its single unified policy language.
- Gatekeeper
What are some alternatives?
calico - Cloud native networking and network security
Kyverno - Kubernetes Native Policy Management
amazon-eks-pod-identity-webhook - Amazon EKS Pod Identity Webhook
falco - Cloud Native Runtime Security
amazon-vpc-cni-k8s - Networking plugin repository for pod networking in Kubernetes using Elastic Network Interfaces on AWS
cloud-custodian - Rules engine for cloud security, cost optimization, and governance, DSL in yaml for policies to query, filter, and take actions on resources
prometheus - The Prometheus monitoring system and time series database.
k-rail - Kubernetes security tool for policy enforcement
envoy - Cloud-native high-performance edge/middle/service proxy
connaisseur - An admission controller that integrates Container Image Signature Verification into a Kubernetes cluster
skopeo - Work with remote images registries - retrieving information, images, signing content
opa-envoy-plugin - A plugin to enforce OPA policies with Envoy