How-To-Secure-A-Linux-Server
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How-To-Secure-A-Linux-Server
- An evolving how-to guide for securing a Linux server
- How to Secure a Linux Server
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Should I set up my own server?
- own server costs about $5/month. I recommend using docker to deploy hbbr and hbbs. Back up the key in case you need to re-deploy. You do need to secure your Linux server, and this community-driven Github guide has some good tips to get started.
- How-To-Secure-A-Linux-Server: An evolving how-to guide for securing a Linux server.
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Automating the security hardening of a Linux server
I have been using the How To Secure A Linux Server guide for quite a while and wanted to learn Ansible, so I created two playbooks to automate most of the guides content. The playbooks are still a work in progress.
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Connecting to docker containers rarely work, including via Caddy (non docker) reverse proxy
If it works, I will then follow the hardening guide I did before (https://github.com/imthenachoman/How-To-Secure-A-Linux-Server) and test after every step
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Resources to learn backend security from scratch
Maybe these two repos can help you, I've used them both from time to time to look up stuff I have no idea about as a frontend main: https://github.com/imthenachoman/How-To-Secure-A-Linux-Server https://github.com/decalage2/awesome-security-hardening
- Time to start security hardening - been lucky for too long
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Ask HN: How can a total beginner start with self-hosting
> In short it’s all about control, privacy, and security, in that order.
I am going to strongly urge you to consider changing that order and move *security* to the first priority. I have long run my own servers, it is much easier to setup a server with strong security foundation, than to clean up afterwards.
As a beginner, you should stick to a well known and documented Linux server distribution such as Ubuntu Server LTS or Fedora. Only install the programs you need. Do not install a windowing system on it. Do everything for the server from the command line.
Here are a few blog posts I have bookmarked over the years that I think are geared to beginners:
"My First 5 Minutes On A Server; Or, Essential Security for Linux Servers": An quick walk through of how to do basic server security manually [1]. There was a good Hacker News discussion about this article, most of the response suggests using tools to automate these types of security tasks [2], however the short tutorial will teach you a great deal, and automation mostly only makes sense when you are deploying a number of similar servers. I definitely take a more manual hands-on approach to managing my personal servers compared to the ones I professionally deploy.
"How To Secure A Linux Server": An evolving how-to guide for securing a Linux server that, hopefully, also teaches you a little about security and why it matters. [3]
Both Linode[4] and Digital Ocean[5] have created good sets of Tutorials and documentation that are generally trustworthy and kept up-to-date
Good luck and have fun
[1]: https://sollove.com/2013/03/03/my-first-5-minutes-on-a-serve...
[2]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5316093
[3]: https://github.com/imthenachoman/How-To-Secure-A-Linux-Serve...
[4]: https://www.linode.com/docs/guides/
[5]: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials
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Selfhosting Security for Cloud Providers like Hetzner
I suggest these resources: - Some fundamentals: https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-security.html - One of the best imho ( exhaustive list ): https://github.com/imthenachoman/How-To-Secure-A-Linux-Server - Ansible playbook to harden security by Jeff Geerling: https://github.com/geerlingguy/ansible-role-security - OAWSP Check list ( targeted for web apps... and honestly a bit overkill ): https://github.com/0xRadi/OWASP-Web-Checklist
Nginx Proxy Manager
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Ask HN: What Underrated Open Source Project Deserves More Recognition?
I discovered these 3 amazing projects recently:
Cryptpad, essentially google docs/sheets/forms e2e encrypted. It does include collaboration. https://github.com/cryptpad/cryptpad
Immich, google photos self hostable, with share options https://github.com/immich-app/immich
Nginxproxymanager manages certificates and proxies to self hosted stuff through nginx https://github.com/NginxProxyManager/nginx-proxy-manager
Great self hosting stuff!
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DevOps Simplified: Easy-to-Use Container Projects Deployment
Nginx Proxy Manager
- Baserow Behind Nginx Proxy Manager - Error Connot Connect to API SERVER
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Can I put multiple services on one web domain using subdomains?
Take a look at NginxProxyManager. This would give you the opportunity to put everything in the form of service1.domain.com , service2.domain.com ,etc.
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:latest or :version for supporting services?
Prime example: Nginx Proxy Manager is often recommended in the sub. The latest minor release came with breaking changes (so already ignoring semver). I bet you many people were running on latest and then had broken stuff: https://github.com/NginxProxyManager/nginx-proxy-manager/releases/tag/v2.10.0
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NPM: How to keep and maintain a dynamic IP (like your public IP) in an access list.
I started looking into how to make add dynamic IPs to NPM access lists. I came across a couple of GitHub issues (1, 2) on the topic. It looks like people have solved the problem, but not in a complete way without modifying the NPM docker image. I did not want to do that, so decided looking into writing a separate script.
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Has anyone been able to set up dockerized CrowdSec in front of dockerized NPM using official images only?
Here is the (NPM) GitHub issue where the "fork of a fork" image came into existence (lepresidente/nginx-proxy-manager). It has some interesting discussions about the challenges of having NPM and CrowdSec coexist and cooperate.
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MyQ's horrible take on open access to their devices
Agree with this, myQ is such a dumpster fire. It needs to have an the ability to be managed over the local network instead of requiring the garage door and app connect to their server.
My very first experience with myQ was figuring out that their IP blocklist provider, brightcloud, blocks anything with the word "proxy" - including the default "it works" page for Nginx Proxy Manager [1]. And they have no way of overriding this to actually provide service if someone turns out to be a legitimate customer.
[1]: https://github.com/NginxProxyManager/nginx-proxy-manager/dis...
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LetsEncrypt over a forwarded link?
Edit: If you're using Nginx Proxy Manager there seems to be open PR for support for proxy protocol https://github.com/NginxProxyManager/nginx-proxy-manager/pull/1882 however in the comments there's a name of repository with this PR merged.
- Bug in nginx-proxy-manager v2.10.4 on RouterOS 7.11.2
What are some alternatives?
authelia - The Single Sign-On Multi-Factor portal for web apps
traefik - The Cloud Native Application Proxy
Gitea - Git with a cup of tea! Painless self-hosted all-in-one software development service, including Git hosting, code review, team collaboration, package registry and CI/CD
docker-swag - Nginx webserver and reverse proxy with php support and a built-in Certbot (Let's Encrypt) client. It also contains fail2ban for intrusion prevention.
docker-socket-proxy - Proxy over your Docker socket to restrict which requests it accepts
socks5-proxy-server - SOCKS5 proxy server
PowerDNS - PowerDNS Authoritative, PowerDNS Recursor, dnsdist
acme-dns - Limited DNS server with RESTful HTTP API to handle ACME DNS challenges easily and securely.
debian-cis - PCI-DSS compliant Debian 10/11/12 hardening
BunkerWeb - 🛡️ Make your web services secure by default !
lynis - Lynis - Security auditing tool for Linux, macOS, and UNIX-based systems. Assists with compliance testing (HIPAA/ISO27001/PCI DSS) and system hardening. Agentless, and installation optional.
docker-pi-hole - Pi-hole in a docker container