CompCert
rustc_codegen_cranelift
CompCert | rustc_codegen_cranelift | |
---|---|---|
36 | 44 | |
1,763 | 1,446 | |
0.7% | 2.4% | |
7.2 | 9.7 | |
about 1 month ago | 3 days ago | |
Coq | Rust | |
GNU General Public License v3.0 or later | Apache License 2.0 |
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CompCert
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Differ: Tool for testing and validating transformed programs
A big problem is that proving that transformations preserve semantics is very hard. Formal methods has huge potential and I believe it will be a big part of the future, but it hasn't become mainstream yet. Probably a big reason why is that right now it's simply not practical: the things you can prove are much more limited than the things you can do, and it's a lot less work to just create a large testsuite.
Example: CompCert (https://compcert.org/), a formally-verified compiler AKA formally-verified sequence of semantics-preserving transformations from C code to Assembly. It's a great accomplishment, but few people are actually compiling their code with CompCert. Because GCC and LLVM are much faster[1], and have been used so widely that >99.9% of code is going to be compiled correctly, especially code which isn't doing anything extremely weird.
But as articles like this show, no matter how large a testsuite there may always be bugs, tests will never provide the kind of guarantees formal verification does.
[1] From CompCert, "Performance of the generated code is decent but not outstanding: on PowerPC, about 90% of the performance of GCC version 4 at optimization level 1"
- So you think you know C?
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Can the language of proof assistants be used for general purpose programming?
Also a C compiler (https://compcert.org/). I did exaggerate bit in saying that anything non-trivial is "nearly impossible".
However, both CompCert and sel4 took a few years to develop, whereas it would only take months if not weeks to make versions of both which aren't formally verified but heavily tested.
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A Guide to Undefined Behavior in C and C++
From my experience, while many MCUs have settled for the big compilers (GCC and Clang), DSPs and some FPGAs (not Intel and Xilinx, those have lately settled for Clang and a combination of Clang and GCC respectively) use some pretty bespoke compilers (just running ./ --version is enough to verify this, if the compiler even offers that option). That's not necessarily bad, since many of them offer some really useful features, but error messages can be really cryptic in some cases. Also some industries require use of verified compilers, like CompCert[1], and in such cases GCC and Clang just don't cut it.
[1]: https://compcert.org/
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Recently I am having too much friction with the borrow checker... Would you recommend I rewrite the compiler in another language, or keep trying to implement it in rust?
CompCert sends its regards
- Rosenpass – formally verified post-quantum WireGuard
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OpenAI might be training its AI technology to replace some software engineers, report says
But that's fine, because we can do even better with things like the CompCert C compiler, which is formally proven to produce correct asm output for ISO C 2011 source. It's designed for high-reliability, safety-critical applications; it's used for things like Airbus A380 avionics software, or control software for emergency generators at nuclear power plants. Software that's probably not overly sophisticated and doesn't need to be highly optimized, but does need to work ~100% correctly, ~100% of the time.
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There is such thing called bugfree code.
For context, CompCert is a formally verified compiler. My former advisor helped with a fuzzer called CSmith which found plenty of bugs in GCC and LLVM but not in CompCert.
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Checked C
Does anybody know how does this compare to https://compcert.org/ ?
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Proofs about Programs
This is a common property for proof-oriented languages. Coq shares this property for instance, and you can write an optimizing C compiler in Coq: https://github.com/AbsInt/CompCert .
rustc_codegen_cranelift
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Cranelift code generation comes to Rust
Windows is supported. See https://github.com/rust-lang/rustc_codegen_cranelift/issues/....
- What part of Rust compilation is the bottleneck?
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A Guide to Undefined Behavior in C and C++
> When this happens, it seems like it'll be possible to get the LLVM bits out of the bootstrap process and lead to a fully self-hosted Rust.
What do you mean by "when this happens"? GP's point is that this has already happened: the Cranelift backend is feature-complete from the perspective of the language [0], except for inline assembly and unwinding on panic. It was merged into the upstream compiler in 2020 [1], and a compiler built with only the Cranelift backend is perfectly capable of building another compiler. LLVM hasn't been a necessary component of the Rust compiler for quite some time.
[0] https://github.com/bjorn3/rustc_codegen_cranelift
[1] https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/77975
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What are some stuff that Rust isn't good at?
Note that the Cranelift codegen will eventually become standard for debug builds to speed them up.
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Rust port of B3 from WebKit, LLVM-like backend
Maybe one day we'll have rustc b3 backend like what they did with Cranelift
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Any alternate Rust compilers?
Additionally, there is gcc codegen for rustc (https://github.com/rust-lang/rustc_codegen_gcc), which is not a compiler per se, but an alternative code generator, with more architectures supported and other nice things. It's also coming along, but there's still a lot of work to do there too. There's also Cranelift codegen (https://github.com/bjorn3/rustc_codegen_cranelift), which is designed to make debug builds faster, but this is not as exciting/useful as the other 2.
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Capsules, reactive state, and HSR: Perseus v0.4.0 goes stable!
For the instant reloading, that's in Sycamore, so you should speak to its devs, but as for the alternative compiler backend, it's not my project, but it uses Cranelift and works pretty well! See https://github.com/bjorn3/rustc_codegen_cranelift for details.
- Security Engineer looking for ways to see if any of my tasks could slowly be ported to Rust or should I just stick with Python.
- Rust is now officially supported on some Infineon microcontrollers! (more to come later this year)
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Improving Rust compile times to enable adoption of memory safety
The more immediate goal of "distribute the cranelift backend as a rustup component" has been making good progress and seems like it might happen relatively soon https://github.com/bjorn3/rustc_codegen_cranelift/milestone/...
What are some alternatives?
seL4 - The seL4 microkernel
wasmtime - A fast and secure runtime for WebAssembly
coq - Coq is a formal proof management system. It provides a formal language to write mathematical definitions, executable algorithms and theorems together with an environment for semi-interactive development of machine-checked proofs.
gccrs - GCC Front-End for Rust
unbound - Replib: generic programming & Unbound: generic treatment of binders
sccache - Sccache is a ccache-like tool. It is used as a compiler wrapper and avoids compilation when possible. Sccache has the capability to utilize caching in remote storage environments, including various cloud storage options, or alternatively, in local storage.
gcc
mrustc - Alternative rust compiler (re-implementation)
koika - A core language for rule-based hardware design 🦑
cranelift-jit-demo - JIT compiler and runtime for a toy language, using Cranelift
corn - Coq Repository at Nijmegen [maintainers=@spitters,@VincentSe]
tch-rs - Rust bindings for the C++ api of PyTorch.