Apollo-11
virtualagc
Apollo-11 | virtualagc | |
---|---|---|
127 | 13 | |
56,524 | 2,482 | |
- | 0.6% | |
5.1 | 8.9 | |
8 days ago | 7 days ago | |
Assembly | Assembly | |
GNU General Public License v3.0 or later | GNU General Public License v3.0 or later |
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For example, an activity of 9.0 indicates that a project is amongst the top 10% of the most actively developed projects that we are tracking.
Apollo-11
- Original Apollo 11 Guidance Computer (AGC) source code
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Mistral CEO confirms 'leak' of new open source AI model nearing GPT4 performance
I often like to think about https://github.com/chrislgarry/Apollo-11 as an analogy. It's public domain with available source, in the assembly language in which it was written... so it fills all the definitions of OSS!
But the process by which that code arose, the ability to modify any line and understand its impact (heh) on a real execution environment, is dependent on a massive process that required billions of dollars and thousands of the smartest people on the planet. For all intents and purposes, without that environment, it is as reliably modifiable as an executable binary in any other context - or a set of weights, in this one!
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Can a Transformer Represent a Kalman Filter?
But can a Transformer run on the Apollo Guidance Computer?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_Guidance_Computer
Frequency 2.048 MHz
Memory 15-bit wordlength + 1-bit parity
2048 words RAM (magnetic-core memory)
https://github.com/chrislgarry/Apollo-11/blob/master/Luminar...
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TIL an Oxford University physicist claimed that for the moon landing conspiracy to be true, around 411,000 people would’ve needed to keep it secret. He also suggests the hoax would’ve broken down in 3.68 years.
You can look at the Colossus 2A code written by Margaret Hamilton and her very small team on Github.
- "Temporary" code in Apollo 11's lunar landing guidance equations (1969)
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SpaceX poised for 'mid-November' launch of second Starship test flight
"Burn Baby Burn" might be even more apt!
https://github.com/chrislgarry/Apollo-11/blob/master/Luminar...
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Software Disenchantment
My more positive take on this: our runtime environments are bloated because we have ways to enable trust, stability, and iteration speeds that people wouldn't have dreamed of in years past.
Your Notion desktop app and Google Chrome both support embedding & displaying multimedia content that's controlled by people that you may not trust, but they can draw on decades of engineering to sandbox that content. They can independently be updated without worrying about a centralized `flexbox.dll` that may or may not be the right version. They do not require building a new executable to make the vast majority of UI changes. And the cost is simply storage space and initial download bandwidth.
We can look with rose-colored glasses at an era of "every byte of assembly has been hand-crafted." I, too, look in awe at what was achieved with such things as https://github.com/chrislgarry/Apollo-11/tree/master/Luminar... . But that software, per https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_Guidance_Computer#Softw..., took 1400 person-years of work.
We have to compare apples to apples - the abstractions we have today would not prevent such a piece of software from being built, and indeed would allow us to build that exact software, even bit-for-bit the same, much more easily due to abstractions on our tooling itself. We have not departed a world where, given a nation-state budget, one could pay for 1400 person-years of work and create the AGC (though one might make arguments about the distraction levels of modern society, but that's a different thing entirely).
But we also exist in a world where I can build and ship a cross-platform video chat application in an afternoon (well, not counting app store approvals) and be reasonably confident that my app will be compatible with, and secure on, practically any computer or mobile device sold in the past half decade, regardless of how many other apps may have been installed on each device. I'd venture to say that Apollo engineers would, and do, find this aspect of our world fascinating, too.
- NASA's Voyager Team Focuses on Software Patch, Thrusters
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Margaret Hamilton stands next to her handwritten code for the lunar missions
Thankfully it was eventually migrated to GitHub
virtualagc
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Mistral CEO confirms 'leak' of new open source AI model nearing GPT4 performance
I don't think that's a great example.
For instance, I can step through and even modify that code using tooling like AGC emulators like this one http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/#gsc.tab=0
What makes it open source is access to the same level of source access that the original developers worked in.
That's what's missing here. Mistral's engineers do not simply open this binary in their editor to do their job.
- Exploring the Internals of Linux v0.01
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Apollo 14 LMAE specs/exit velocity calculation
Glad you're enjoying the videos! I'm Mike from them. :) The Apollo 14 code I linked above was reconstructed in the same way as Luminary 69/2, but the process was far, far too involved for a video. Like I said above, I probably won't be much help with math, but I'd be more than happy to assist with finding documentation or navigating AGC code whenever you want!
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Apollo 11 was FAKE. What is the best evidence to support this?
The fact that all the information about the computer and software is public and you can verify it yourself like thousands of people have. https://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/
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TIL NASA landed on the moon using a computer with just 4KB of RAM
If you’re curious about the the technical specs of the AGC check out Ron Burkey’s website, it’s even got the source code for you to see for yourself: https://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/
- Ask HN: What weird technical scene are you fond/part of?
- The Apollo On-Board Computers
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What is the evidence for the moon landing being fake?
Of course you should be able to tell us because all the hardware architecture and software can be found here. So you must have fully reviewed it and located the issues. Right? Than please point out where the error is.
- How did a Space Rocket take off again from the surface of Moon?
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Exploring the software that flies SpaceX rockets and starships
It had manually encoded ROM in the form of "core rope memory", which is pretty wacky, but it was a digital computer. In fact, it was the first IC computer.
You can learn way too much about it and even operate (a simulation of) one here: http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/
What are some alternatives?
DOOM - DOOM Open Source Release
ArduinoCore-avr - The Official Arduino AVR core
microwatt - A tiny Open POWER ISA softcore written in VHDL 2008
rvc - A 32-bit RISC-V emulator in a shader (and C)
midimonster - Multi-protocol control & translation software (ArtNet, MIDI, OSC, sACN, ...)
new-wave - Stack Computer Bytecode Interpreters: The New Wave
WebKit - Home of the WebKit project, the browser engine used by Safari, Mail, App Store and many other applications on macOS, iOS and Linux.
CAM6 - Cellular Automata Machine (CAM6) Simulator
Godot - Godot Engine – Multi-platform 2D and 3D game engine
CygnusX1 - A thrust-vectoring model rocket flight computer. Comes with all you need to keep your rocket pointing up.
GraphRedex - An interactive semantics explorer
SVM-Face-and-Object-Detection-Shader - SVM using HOG descriptors implemented in fragment shaders