New Foundations is consistent – a difficult mathematical proof proved using Lean

• LeanCopilot

  5 796 9.7 C++

  LLMs as Copilots for Theorem Proving in Lean

  

Then it's time to update your LLM reading!

https://leandojo.org/

• con-nf

  1 52 9.6 Lean

  A formal consistency proof of Quine's set theory New Foundations

  

But like, you can look at what parts of Mathlib this development imports, it's mainly stuff imported by files in this subdirectory https://github.com/leanprover-community/con-nf/tree/main/Con... , and it's pretty basic things: the definition of a permutation, a cardinal number etc. Almost all of these are things that would feature in the first one or two years of an undergraduate math degree (from just quickly scanning it, the most advanced thing I could see is the definition of cofinality of ordinals). It seems practically impossible to me that someone would make a mistake when e.g. defining what a group is, in a way subtle enough to later break this advanced theorem. If you think that people could mess up that, then all of math would be in doubt.

• InfluxDB

  www.influxdata.com featured

  Power Real-Time Data Analytics at Scale. Get real-time insights from all types of time series data with InfluxDB. Ingest, query, and analyze billions of data points in real-time with unbounded cardinality.

  

• set.mm

  2 231 9.9 HTML

  Metamath source file for logic and set theory

  

Correct. The good news that Elements still works otherwise, you just need to add the missing axiom.

But many other "proofs" have been found to be false. The book "Metamath: A Computer Language for Mathematical Proofs" (by Norm Megill and yours truly) is available at: https://us.metamath.org/downloads/metamath.pdf - see section 1.2.2, "Trusting the Mathematician". We list just a few of the many examples of proofs that weren't.

Sure, there can be bugs in programs, but there are ways to counter such bugs that give FAR more confidence than can be afforded to humans. Lean's approach is to have a small kernel, and then review the kernel. Metamath is even more serious; the Metamath approach is to have an extremely small language, and then re-implement it many times (so that a bug is unlikely to be reproduced in all implementations). The most popular Metamath database is "set.mm", which uses classical logical logic and ZFC. Every change is verified by 5 different verifiers in 5 different programming languages originally developed by 5 different people:

* metamath.exe aka Cmetamath (the original C verifier by Norman Megill)

* checkmm (a C++ verifier by Eric Schmidt)

* smetamath-rs (smm3) (a Rust verifier by Stefan O'Rear)

* mmj2 (a Java verifier by Mel L. O'Cat and Mario Carneiro)

* mmverify.py (a Python verifier by Raph Levien)

For more on these verifiers, see: https://github.com/metamath/set.mm/blob/develop/verifiers.md

• lean4checker

  1 15 7.3 Lean

  Replay the `Environment` for a given Lean module, ensuring that all declarations are accepted by the kernel.

  

Note also that there is an independent checker https://github.com/leanprover/lean4checker to ensure that you're not pulling any fancy tricks at the code level: that the compiled output, free of tactics, is in fact a proof.

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