nim-stint
OpenZKP
nim-stint | OpenZKP | |
---|---|---|
3 | 2 | |
77 | 622 | |
- | 1.0% | |
7.0 | 0.0 | |
about 2 months ago | about 1 year ago | |
Nim | Rust | |
Apache License 2.0 | GNU General Public License v3.0 or later |
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nim-stint
- Stint (Stack-based multiprecision integers)
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Why static languages suffer from complexity
> I think the message is more nuanced
I thought it was more nuanced too as they were explaining how integer types can be derived, until I finished the article, and they really did just seem to be complaining that there's a mismatch between compile time and run time.
Dynamic types don't really solve the problems they mention as far as I can tell either (perhaps I am misunderstanding), they just don't provide any guarantees at all and so "work" in the loosest sense.
> otherwise wouldn't lisp with its homoiconicity and compile time macros fit the bill perfectly?
That's a good point, I do wonder why they didn't mention Lisp at all.
> we don't have a solution yet
What they want to do can, as far as I can see, be implemented in Nim easily in a standard, imperative form, without any declarative shenanigans. Indeed, it is implemented here: https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/blob/ce44cf03cc4a78741c423b2...
Of course, that implementation is more complex than the one in the article because it handles a lot more.
At the end of the day, it's really a capability mismatch at the language level and the author even states this:
> Programming languages ought to be rethought.
I'd argue that Nim has been 'rethought' specifically to address the issues they mention. The language was built with extension in mind, and whilst the author states that macros are a bad thing, I get the impression this is because most languages implement them as tacked on substitution mechanisms (Rust/D), and/or are declarative rather than "simple" imperative processes. IMHO, most people want to write general code for compile time work (like Zig), not learn a new sub-language. The author states this as well.
Nim has a VM for running the language at compile time so you can do whatever you want, including the recursive type decomposition (for example: https://github.com/status-im/nim-stint). It also has 'real' macros that aren't substitutions but work on the core AST directly, can inspect types at compile time, and is a system language but also high level. It seems to solve their problems, but of course, they simply might not have used or even heard of it.
- Donald Knuth’s Algorithm D, its implementation in Hacker’s Delight and elsewhere
OpenZKP
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Donald Knuth’s Algorithm D, its implementation in Hacker’s Delight and elsewhere
Here is my optimized in-place Rust implementation [1].
It is a very tricky algorithm to get right. There are many edge cases that only happen for ~2^-64 fractions of the input space, so hard to find even with fuzz-testing. Best strategy is to implement it for small limbs first, and fuzz that well.
[1] https://github.com/0xProject/OpenZKP/blob/master/algebra/u25...
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A single issue with Rust that kills me every time with mathematics (rust repo issue 20671)
I've also hit this issue while writing code generic over prime fields by-reference. I ended up defining traits FieldLike and RefFieldLike and anotating all functions as
What are some alternatives?
constantine - Constantine: modular, high-performance, zero-dependency cryptography stack for proof systems and blockchain protocols.
libtorsion - C crypto library
nimbus-eth1 - Nimbus: an Ethereum Execution Client for Resource-Restricted Devices
num-bigint - Big integer types for Rust
tiny-bignum-c - Small portable multiple-precision unsigned integer arithmetic in C
num - A collection of numeric types and traits for Rust.
style - css for rust
Fermat - A library providing math and statistics operations for numbers of arbitrary size.
proc-macro-workshop - Learn to write Rust procedural macros [Rust Latam conference, Montevideo Uruguay, March 2019]
go - The Go programming language
rfcs - RFCs for changes to Rust