k2 VS espnet

This uses dense (soft/weighted) transitions from any state to any state, and then some regularization to guide it to more sparse solutions.

In practice, the number of states can be huge (thousands, maybe millions), so representing this as a dense matrix (a 1Mx1M matrix is way too big) is not going to work. It must be sparse, and in practice (all FST you usually deal with) it is. So it's very much a waste to represent it as a dense matrix.

That's why there are many specialized libraries to deal with FSTs. Also in combination with deep learning tools. See e.g. K2 (https://github.com/k2-fsa/k2).

k2

You might check out this list from espnet. They list the different corpuses they use to train their models sorted by language and task (ASR, TTS etc):

https://github.com/espnet/espnet/blob/master/egs2/README.md

- https://github.com/espnet/espnet

This link has instructions for doing this for a Japanese model. It would have to be altered to work with ljspeech and the fine tune dataset.

This work is made possible by the excellent advancements in text to speech modeling. ESPnet is a great project and should be checked out for more advanced and a wider range of use cases. This pipeline was also made possible by the great work from espnet_onnx in building a framework to export models to ONNX.

CMU WavLab has ESPNet https://espnet.github.io/espnet/ which includes a number of high quality TTS models including VITS (which in my subjective experience is just as good as what is demonstrated here). Also the inference on various ESPNet pretrained TTS models is reasonable and sentences take on average 5 seconds per word to generate the waveform on my totally mid PC setup.

The reason I'm saying this is to point out that having and in-depth knowledge on speech processing/generation requires a lot of information about signal processing and human speech in general (eg. acoustics and phonetics). However, if you're not into learning everything there is to know about a subject, just take one state-of-the-art example and study that as best as you can. Pick one environment/toolkit, for example espnet and simply go with that.

https://github.com/espnet/espnet (kind of like a newer Kaldi, but also not beginner friendly)

both provide e2e ASR support but espnet does have more utilities where as speechbarain is clean

This is relatively small amount of speech to train the model from scratch, but you can train using another pre-trained model for initialization. There are numbers of end-to-end ASR toolkits which can be used for this: https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo and https://github.com/espnet/espnet