http.zig
Tornado
http.zig | Tornado | |
---|---|---|
2 | 13 | |
349 | 21,544 | |
- | 0.3% | |
9.1 | 7.4 | |
5 days ago | 16 days ago | |
Zig | Python | |
MIT License | Apache License 2.0 |
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http.zig
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Epoll: The API that powers the modern internet (2022)
I have a somewhat popular HTTP server library for Zig [1]. It started off as a thread-per-connection (with an optional thread pool), but when it became apparent that async wasn't going to be added back into the language any time soon, I switched to using epoll/kqueue.
Both APIs allow you to associate arbitrary data (void ) with the event that you're registering. So when you're notified of the event, you can access this data. In my case, it's a big Conn struct. It contains things like the # of requests on this connection (to enforce a configured max request per connection), a timestamp where it should timeout if there's no activity. The Conn is part of an intrusive linked list, so it has a next: Conn and prev: *Conn. But, what you're probably most curious about, is that it has a Request.State. This has a static buffer ([]u8) that can grow as needed to hold all the received data up until that point (or if we're writing the data, then the buffered data that we have to write). It's important to have a max # of connections and a max request size so you can enforce an upper limit on the maximum memory the library might use. It acts as a state machine to track up to what point it's parsed the request. (since you don't want to have to re-parse the entire request as more bytes trickle in).
It's all half-baked. I can do receiving/sending asynchronously, but the application handler is called synchronously, and if that, for example, calls PG, that's probably also synchronous (since there's no async PG library in Zig). Makes me feel that any modern language needs a cohensive (as in standard library, or de facto standard) concurrency story.
[1] https://github.com/karlseguin/http.zig
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0.11.0 Release Notes
I took a year off, and one of the things I did was learn Zig. I've built a number of libraries, including one of the currently more popular HTTP server libraries (https://github.com/karlseguin/http.zig).
A number of my libraries are used for https://www.aolium.com/ which I decided to write for myself.
I try to write a bit every day with the benefit that I can "waste" time digging into things or exploring likely-to-fail paths.
Tornado
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Epoll: The API that powers the modern internet (2022)
I am not expert in these but I thought Tornado's ioloop was readable enough for me to learn more event loops. Mostly, it was being implemented in pure Python.
https://github.com/tornadoweb/tornado/blob/branch4.5/tornado...
(Had to be in 4.5 because the newer versions 5.x and 6.x, it's switched to Python's stdlib asyncio)
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Tornado web server/framework
I am a bit confused, Tornado is web server like a apache http server, or a framework like django, or both?
- Ask HN: What's the most elegant piece of code you've seen?
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In your experience, what is the best backend framework for working with websockets?
For Python, I use Tornado.
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tornado for a complete beginner
tornado? this https://github.com/tornadoweb/tornado ?
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How to work with an RPC WebSocket Server
I'm writing a Node app that talks to a server that uses Tornado, a Python networking framework. The server uses WebSocket and structured JSON to expose RPCs, like sign_on called with the following message:
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Ask HN: Web frameworks – which less popular framework are you using and why?
I've been using Python's Tornado (http://www.tornadoweb.org/) for years now.
Now on version 6, it's fast, well maintained, mature, and has good docs with readable code.
@bdarnell has done an excellent job maintaining it.
Here's one example:
Tornado supported async style co-routines before asyncio was a thing. Now it uses asyncio under the hood by default -- and it did so with an exceptionally smooth transition.
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The Best Python Web Frameworks🤩
Tornado is another micro framework aimed at a specific use case: asynchronous networking applications. Tornado is well-suited for creating services that open a great many network connections and keep them alive that is, anything involving WebSockets or long polling. Moreover, It requires Python 3.5 or higher and drops Python 2 support entirely.
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TIL : Tornado | Fix "tornado.util.TimeoutError: Operation timed out after 5 seconds"
How to fix tornado.util.TimeoutError: Operation timed out after 5 seconds on tornado test debug?
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Project brainstorming for real-time data display
Here's an official demo chat app using websocket: https://github.com/tornadoweb/tornado/tree/master/demos/websocket, though you should read the docs on websocket for understanding the code.
What are some alternatives?
ctregex.zig - Compile time regular expressions in zig
fastapi - FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to code, ready for production
zeroman
Flask - The Python micro framework for building web applications.
libxev - libxev is a cross-platform, high-performance event loop that provides abstractions for non-blocking IO, timers, events, and more and works on Linux (io_uring or epoll), macOS (kqueue), and Wasm + WASI. Available as both a Zig and C API.
AIOHTTP - Asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python
zigself - An implementation of the Self programming language in Zig
Django - The Web framework for perfectionists with deadlines.
meduza - 🧜♀️ Zig codebase graph generator that emits a Mermaid class diagram.
CherryPy - CherryPy is a pythonic, object-oriented HTTP framework. https://cherrypy.dev
libvlc-zig - Zig bindings for libVLC media framework.
sanic - Accelerate your web app development | Build fast. Run fast.