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docker-minecraft-server
Docker image that provides a Minecraft Server that will automatically download selected version at startup
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Paper
The most widely used, high performance Minecraft server that aims to fix gameplay and mechanics inconsistencies
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I recommend itzg/docker-minecraft-server, it allows you to easily experiment with launchers (PaperMC, Fabric, Forge, etc) and install mods declaratively, great for experimentation. You can also use Docker's resource limits to reserve and/or constrain CPU and memory usage.
As others have mentioned, you can use Fabric with lithium & so on, but if you're after a vanilla experience, PaperMC might be a safer bet. You can always use data packs to tweak the game.