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Most ARM hardware is cellphones, raspberry pi and the Mac M1, which certainly aren't that type.
But a lot of ARM hardware is that type. The keywords are SBSA / SBBR / SystemReady. If your hardware is SBBR compatible then Fedora and Ubuntu's ARM64 iso, and Windows ARM64, downloaded from their website, will at least boot fine (drivers are a different question as always).
There's a good list of supported hardware in the lower half of https://community.arm.com/arm-community-blogs/b/architecture... . Many systems from Avantek, Gigabyte, NXP, Marvell, Solidrun etc are standardizing on this way of booting.
DeviceTree is low-level enough that you can implement UEFI on top of it. There's a UEFI port for the Raspberry Pi 4 at https://rpi4-uefi.dev/ that produces an SBBR layer, allowing it to boot any off-the-shelf ARM64 SBBR distro.
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Not really. The list of firmware is lengthy, and most of it is loaded by the bootloader. Though some is indeed loaded by the OS.
https://github.com/AsahiLinux/docs/wiki/Introduction-to-Appl...
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The author links to UKIP[0], a Linux daemon that they built to try to protect against these kinds of attacks. Did a quick "apt search" on my Debian machine, but nothing came up. Do any major distros package this, and do any install and enable it by default?
I guess it uses heuristics to determine if a device is evil, and that could cause a lot of false positives (which would create spurious bug reports and support cases for distro maintainers), so maybe having something like that installed and running by default isn't a great idea.
[0] https://github.com/google/ukip
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