Our great sponsors
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Roslyn
The Roslyn .NET compiler provides C# and Visual Basic languages with rich code analysis APIs.
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WorkOS
The modern identity platform for B2B SaaS. The APIs are flexible and easy-to-use, supporting authentication, user identity, and complex enterprise features like SSO and SCIM provisioning.
Compilers are their own separate programs. In this case, you'll be compiling your code with Roslyn which comes included in Visual Studio. But you can also swap it out with another C# compiler if you'd like.
A compiler is a program that can turn code written in one programming language into code written in another programming language. Like you say, they're used to convert code into machine code so that your computer can run it, but it's not limited to just that. They can be used to convert your code into any other programming language, even high-level ones. So you can totally compile your C# code into JavaScript if you're insane enough to do that.