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The above configuration file extends the base configuration provided by the TypeScript team for Node.js v16. Additional options or overrides may be included through the compilerOptions property. It also specifies that all the files in the src directory should be included in the program, but everything in the node_modules directory is skipped entirely. Both the include and exclude properties support glob patterns.
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The process of compiling TypeScript source files into JavaScript code before executing them with Node.js can get a little tedious after a while, especially during development. You can eliminate the intermediate steps before running the program through the ts-node CLI to execute .ts files directly. Go ahead and install the ts-node package using the command below:
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Before installing TypeScript, make sure that you've created and initialized a Node.js project with a package.json file. TypeScript is available as a package on the npm registry, and it can be downloaded into your project through a package manager like npm or yarn:
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Here's an example that utilizes the popular Express package to create a web server:
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TypeScript brings optional static typing to JavaScript projects. The primary benefit of static typing is that type errors are detected and corrected at build time, so code will more likely run correctly once deployed to production. A growing number of JavaScript developers are seeing the value of writing more strongly typed code, which has led to an increase in the adoption of TypeScript for all kinds of JavaScript-based projects.
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You can fix this error by providing a type declaration file for the express module so that the TypeScript compiler can accurately determine the valid types for its exported methods. You can find up-to-date type definitions for many popular npm packages in the DefinitelyTyped GitHub repository.
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If you use a Node.js environment manager like Volta, you'll be able to switch between globally installed TypeScript versions and project-specific ones seamlessly.
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An important step towards adding comprehensive support for TypeScript in a Node.js application is setting an adequate linting workflow. You can make use of the popular ESLint package to lint TypeScript code. Although it was originally written for JavaScript code, it also supports TypeScript with the help of a few plugins. Go ahead and install the eslint package in your project with the command below:
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This article assumes that you have a basic knowledge of Node.js and TypeScript. You also need to have a recent version of Node.js and npm installed on your computer.
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typescript-eslint
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Now create a new .eslintrc.js file in the root of your project directory. Here is where you'll place the configuration settings for ESLint. To add TypeScript support to ESLint, install the @typescript-eslint/parser and @typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin packages in your project. The former is used to parse TypeScript code to a format that is understandable by ESLint, while the latter provides TypeScript-specific linting rules.
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Besides the web browser, Node.js is the most popular platform on which JavaScript code is executed. However, just like the browser, it lacks native support for TypeScript code (unlike Deno, for example).
