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Great article! For anybody interested in this topic, I've been working on a schema migration tool which automates zero-downtime migrations using many of the techniques mentioned: https://github.com/fabianlindfors/reshape. It also uses some other incredible Postgres features, like updatable views and schemas.
It was discussed here on HN about a week back: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29825520
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I would suggest taking a look at strong migrations[1]. It's a rails project, but the readme does a great job explaining what it checks for and what safe alternative to use instead. I still link to their explanations in PRs for non-rails projects.
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Knex
A query builder for PostgreSQL, MySQL, CockroachDB, SQL Server, SQLite3 and Oracle, designed to be flexible, portable, and fun to use.
In Node projects, in general I don't recommend using knex.js for data access, but their migrations facility is great.
By default it runs all of your DDL within a transaction, but in some cases where you can't run in a transaction (like adding a value to an enum type) it makes it easy to disable it: https://knexjs.org/#Migrations-API-transactions