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As others have mentioned, you can use netrw or NerdTree. You set it (and other plugins) through your .vimrc which is probably at ~/.vimrc. Also take a look at NeoVim and try using it instead of the legacy one. It has concurrency and better support for plugins.
Things you can definitely check out are git (it's like the most important tool of a developer if you ask me) and once you start using git, there is a nice plugin for vim called "vim-rooter": https://github.com/airblade/vim-rooter Check it out.
I use tmux and tmuxp for this (https://github.com/tmux-python/tmuxp). It allows me to configure a project using yaml with a bunch of windows and panes and run commands (open up vim, set a start directory, run a service etc). I've setup an alias so I can just run mux and a new tmux session will open setup exactly how I have configured it.