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I don't think much actual modern linguistics is done with Prolog and DCGs. I think of this as a very "classical" approach to AI, which is fun to do on the side (blackspeech.pl) but not highly relevant to modern computational linguistics which is largely statistical machine learning.
DCGs provide a _threading state_ abstraction over predicate clauses. As such, NLP is just an area of application. For simple non-text examples, see e.g. https://logtalk.org/2019/06/24/dcgs-preserving-abstraction.html (number processing) or https://github.com/LogtalkDotOrg/logtalk3/blob/master/examples/dcgs/bom.lgt (bill of materials).