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Finally, the last piece that might have tripped you up is the reference to redis is a distributed in memory data store with basic get/set functionality. While its API surface is simple, the magic is that is designed to be highly performant, handling hundreds of thousands of requests per second. This is what I would envision to be the state management system or essentially where the "world" would be stored.
k8s stands for kubernetes which is a container orchestration service. Essentially, most modern systems are independently deployable services which are each packaged as a docker image which describes the dependencies of the system the service requires as well as startup commands. k8s allows an engineer to describe scalability requirements and attempts to optimally package docker images onto virtual machines which either you can provide using bare metal (machines you own) or through a cloud provider. The k8s master node measures performance of each container and will provision more per scaling requirements of the system. Essentially it allows it to look at the system and say "Service A is running at 80% CPU and requires more instances, Amazon, I would like another virtual machine and I am going to deploy another pod with Service A in it to meet demand... Ahhh, Service B has two instances, and is below 25% utilization on both, I am going to shut one down for you"
If you are a developer, I at least imagine you have a passing knowledge of the existence of golang which is a performant language created by Google.